The plant family chrysanthemum is known for its medicinal, ornamental, and economic purposes. Owing to its economic and biological significance to the difficult identification based on morphological characters, it is useful to develop DNA barcodes. DNA sequence data enable not only the inference of phylogenetic relationships but also provide an efficient method for species-level identifications under terms DNA barcoding or DNA taxonomy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of DNA barcoding in discriminating Chrysanthemum species. Four cpDNA regions (matK, rpoC, rpoB, trnH-psbA) and one nuclear (ITS) marker have sequenced from 28 specimens of 11 species from 4 genera of Chrysanthemum which were collected from 5 provinces in Korea. Comparisons of within and between species levels of sequence divergence showed that genetic variation between species exceeds variation within species.

Allele mining in starch synthesis-related genes (SSRGs) has facilitated the discovery of desired natural sequence variations for eating quality in rice. This study investigated the sequence variations from 10 SSRGs, and further evaluated their relationship with the amylose content (AC) and rapid viscosity analysis profiles in a global collection of rice accessions by association mapping (AM). In total, 83 sequence variations were found in 10 sequenced amplicons, including 73 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), eight insertion-deletions (InDels) and two polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Four subpopulations were identified by population structure analysis based on 170 genome-wide SSR genotypes. AM revealed 11 significant associations between three phenotypic indices and three sequence variations. One SNP with a g/c transversion at the 63rd nucleotide downstream of the OsBEIIb gene termination codon on rice chromosome 2 was significantly associated with multiple trait indices in both the general linear and mixed linear models (GLM and MLM), including the final viscosity (p < 0.001, R2 = 23.87%) in both 2009 and 2010, and AC (p < 0.01, R2 = 11.25%) and trough viscosity (p < 0.01, R2 = 20.43) in 2010. This study provides a new perspective of allele mining for breeding strategies based on marker-assisted selection.

최근 생물다양성 협약의 발효로 유전자원 사용에 제한이 있게 되면서 국내 재래종 유전자원에 대한 유전변이 평가를 통한 육종소재로 활용 가능한 유용유전자원 확보는 대단히 중요한 과제로 대두 되었다. 그 중 벼 육종에 있어서 도열병 저항성은 재배안전성 측면에서 가장 중요한 형질 중의 한가지로서 많이 연구 되었는데 효율적인 수단으로는 저항성이 증대된 신품종을 육종하는 것이 가장 효율적인 방법이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 재래종 벼 품종들에 대해 주요 도열병 저항성 유전자를 탐색 하고 재래종 벼의 유전적 특성을 분석하여 벼 품종육성의 기초자료로 제공하고자 수행하였다. 선행연구에서 보고된 도열병 유전자 정보를 이용하여 국내 재래종 벼를 대상으로 분석한 결과, 홍도, 홍사도, 사두초, 앵미, 효성재래종, 적선, 선, 한양조, 백곡나 등에서 Pi-b 저항성 유전자가 탐색 되었다. 추후 국내 재래종 유전자원은 병저항성 육성 소재로 활용 가능할 것으로 생각된다.