The objective of this study is to develop the gene based sequence tagged site (STS) markers in wheat. The euchromatin enriched genomic library was constructed and the STS primer sets were designed using gene based DNA sequence. The euchromatin enriched genomic (EEG) DNA library in wheat was constructed using the Mcr A and Mcr BC system in DH5α cell. The 2,166 EEG colonies have been constructed by methylated DNA exclusion. Among the colonies, 606 colonies with the size between 400 and 1200 bp of PCR products were selected for sequencing. In order to develop the gene based STS primers, blast analysis comparing between wheat genetic information and rice genome sequence was employed. The 227 STS primers mainly matched on Triticum aestivum (hexaploid), Triticum turgidum (tetraploid), Aegilops (diploid), and other plants. The polymorphisms were detected in PCR products after digestion with restriction enzymes. The eight STS markers that showed 32 polymorphisms in twelve wheat genotypes were developed using 227 STS primers. The STS primers analysis will be useful for generation of informative molecular markers in wheat. Development of gene based STS marker is to identify the genetic function through cloning of target gene and find the new allele of target trait.

Carotenoid compounds in embryos of wild-type(WT) and viviparous mutants of maize(Zea mays L.) were analyzed using high performance liquid ehromatography (HPLC) with a photodiode array detector. Zeaxanthin accumulates in WT embryos as the major carotenoid. Phytoene accumulates in vp2 and vp5. Phytofluene in w3 and ζ-carotene in the vp9 mutant embryos. This indicates that the vp2 and vp5 mutants impair phytoene desaturase from 15-cis-phytoene to 15-cis-phytofluene. The w3 mutant has neither an isomerase from 15-cis-phytofluene to all-trans-phytofuene nor phytofluene desaturase from phytofluene to ζ-carotene. The vp9 mutant does not have the ζ-carotene desaturase from ζ-carotene to lycopene. Our analysis shows that the terminal carotenoid. γ-carotene(β,ψ-carotene), accumulates in the vp7 mutant embryos. The ε-carotene(ε,ε-carotene), a product of δ-carotene(ε,ψ-carotene) in some plants, however, has not been found in maize embryos. The vp7 mutant impairs a cyclization step from γ-carotene to both β-carotene and α-carotene. We suggest that monocyclic γ-carotene is the sole precursor of both bicyclic β-carotene(β,β-carotene) and α-carotene(β,ε-carotene) in maize.