Field surveys were conducted to collect and refine "Natural resource survey" and ecosystem research data of 23 National parks in South Korea, including Hallasan on Jeju Island and Palgongsan newly designated as national park in 2023. Among the collected data, a total of 1,538 species from 54 families of Hymenoptera insects were recorded. Within these families, the largest number of species was recorded in the family Ichneumonidae with 514 species, followed by Formicidae (118 species), Braconidae (112 species), and Tenthredinidae (135 species), exhibiting relatively high species diversity. Among the National parks, Jirisan, the first designated National park in South Korea with a relatively large area compared to other parks, recorded the highest species diversity with 618 species, while Taebaeksan recorded relatively low species diversity with 77 species. Correlation analysis between the number of Hymenoptera species and other factors revealed a statistically significant and relatively strong positive correlation (P > 0.005, R = 0.864) with the total number of insects, and a statistically significant but relatively weak positive correlation (P > 0.005, R = 0.615) with the park's area.

We report here the new species, Aphaenogaster koreana sp. nov. first fossil record of alate reproductive female (gyne) Aphaenogaster from Eastern Palaearctic region on the basis of forewing venation and other external morphologies. Single fossil specimen was discovered from the Duho Formation of the Middle Miocene (c.a 15 Ma), Pohang, Republic of Korea. For accurate identification, we selected extant Aphaenogaster species for reference and compared wing venations and body measurements to new species. Furthermore, we suggest previously recorded Aphaenogaster species from Miocene Grubstake Formation of Alaska (UAF-GS23, UAF-GS24) removed from the genus and remained in unplaced species in the Myrmicinae (incerta sedis). Because of similarity between genus Aphaenogaster and Paraphaenogaster which shares morphological similarities, we provide comparison between the new species and the other known gyne Aphaenogaster and Paraphaenogaster. Diagnostic characters for gynes of Aphaenogaster are also provided