Riptortus pedestris is a polyphagous species and an economically important insect pest of soybean. We investigated the development time, survivorship, longevity and fecundity of R. pedestris at five different temperatures. Life table analysis is the prime tool in population dynamics and pest management. We applied the computer programs – TWOSEX-MSChart and TIMING-MSChart - to analyze our data. We obtained the population parameters – adult preoviposition period (APOP), total preoviposition period (TPOP), oviposition days, eggs per reproductive female, first age of survival rate <50%, proportion of male and female individuals and life table parameters (net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, and mean generation time) - and population projection using two computer programs.

The study conducted to understand the annual phenology of hemipteran insect pests including Halyomorpha halys, Nezara antennata, Plautia stali, and Riptortus pedestris in Jeju, Korea, 2017 and 2018. We investigated the population density of them at three locations for two years. The commercial and fish trap were used for monitoring. We compare the seasonal occurrence among species and sampling locations. The repeated measured ANOVA was used to explain the difference of seasonal occurrence among locations and sampling time. There was difference the first adult catch and the peak occurrence of species among sampling sites.

Riptortus pedestris is one of economically important insect pests in soybean fields. The study was conducted at seven constant temperatures of 15.8, 19.7, 24.0, 27.8, 32.6, 34.0 and 35.5℃. We compared the results from life table parameters and oviposition models of R. pedestris between two data sets. One included the total number of eggs and the other used only hatched eggs. When the total number of eggs were included to calculate the parameters the intrinsic rate of increase, net reproductive rate and mean generation time were 0.066, 58.13 and 61.45 at 24℃, respectively. These values were different only when hatched eggs were applied (0.064, 45.46 and 59.41, respectively). The parameters of temperature-dependent total fecundity and age-specific cumulative oviposition rate from each data set were different.

Pleurotus eryngii is one of the most commercially important mushrooms cultivated in Korea. However, the shelf-life of the fruiting body is short, limiting its export. A new hybrid strain H17 of P. eryngii was developed to extend the shelf-life by mono-mono crossing between monokaryotic strains derived from DanBi and KNR2774. Although the cultivation period of H17 was slightly longer than that of the reference cultivar Kenneutari No.2, the quality did not change and remained normal after a period of 65.0 days at 4°C. This result was significantly different from that of the reference cultivar Kenneutari No.2. Analysis of the genetic characteristics of the new hybrid strain H17 revealed a different profile from that of the parental and reference cultivars when random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers was used. These results demonstrate that H17 is a new cultivar with improved storability after harvesting.

Riptortus pedestris is a polyphagous species and an economically important insect pest of soybean. We investigated the phenology of R. pedestris at 13 locations - Jeonju, Naju, Goheung, Milyang, Gunwi, Andong and 7 locations of Jeju. Fish trap was used for monitoring R. pedestris. The traps were baited with lures containing a 1:5:1 ratio of myristyl isobutyrate, (E)-2-hexenyl (E)-2 hexenoate and (E)-2-hexenyl (Z)-3-hexenoate. There was difference the first adult catch and local temperatures among sampling sites. To determine spring emergence distribution and annual phenology pattern, we used the monitoring data and ambient temperature from each sampling sites. We compare the seasonal occurrence and spring emergence between 2016 and 2017 in each location.

Riptortus pedestris is one of economically important insect pests in soybean fields. The study was conducted at six constant temperatures of 15.8, 19.7, 24.0, 27.8, 32.6 and 35.5℃. We investigated the biological traits of R. pedestris adults. R. pedestris adults survived at all temperatures tested but female did not oviposit under 15.8℃. The longevity of R. pedestris male was longer than that of female. Oviposition model was constructed using nonlinear functions and the number of eggs produced by a cohort of females was estimated in relation to constant temperature and adult age. The life table parameters in relation to temperature were analyzed.

The oriental fruit fly is a major polyphagous insect pest with a worldwide distribution. The effects of temperature on stage-specific development were investigated at eight constant temperatures (13.0, 14.4, 16.2, 19.5, 23.8, 27.7, 31.8 and 34.8℃). Stage-specific lower developmental thresholds and thermal constants were determined using linear regression. The lower and higher temperature threshold (TL and TH) were estimated using the Sharpe-Schoolfield-Ikemoto (SSI) model. The daily adult emergence frequency of B. dorsalis was estimated in relation to adult age and temperature. Thermal performance was compared among B. dorsalis populations from different locations in Taiwan.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a gram-positive bacterium that produces parasporal crystal proteins known as endotoxins or Cry proteins. The Cry protoxins are then cleaved by insect midgut proteinases to form active Bt toxins. The activated Cry protein then binds to specific receptors at the midgut epithelium. Cadherin-like and aminopeptidase N (APN) proteins are involved in Bt toxin binding by interacting sequentially with different toxin structures. Aminopeptidase N (APNs) from several insect species have been shown to be putative receptors for these toxins. We have characterized four different midgut APNs(APN1, APN2, APN3, APN4) cDNAs from S. exigua. Forward primers and reverse primers for confirmation of four different midgut APNs were designed based on their sequences cloned from the cDNA libraries. Quantitative RT-PCR procedures includes 42℃ for 20min (cDNA synthesis), 99℃ for 5min, and 35 cycles (94℃ for 1min, and 60℃ for 50 s) for collection. Four aminopeptidase N isoforms were confirmed with qRT-PCR. Sequence analysis was performed by BlastX search the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI) nucleotide. Furthermore, double-stranded RNAs(dsRNAs) were synthesized. DsRNAs were determined for bioassay.