This study reports the first Korean records of the genus Acerocnema Becker, 1894, with one new species, Acerocnema saurischia sp. nov., and one newly recorded species, A. flavifrons. A key to the Korean Scathophagidae is provided with morphological diagnosis and images of habitus and male genitalia structures. To assist in species identification, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences were obtained from all specimens to conduct DNA barcoding.

The subgenus Oropeza Needham, 1908 (Diptera: Tipulidae: Dolichopeza) comprises 27 described species distributed across the Holarctic region. Certain Oropeza species have been reported in neighboring countries of the Korean Peninsula―6 species in Japan, 3 species in China, and 4 species in Russia. Some researchers, such as Byers (1961) and Savchenko (1983), suggested that the distribution of Oropeza cover the East-Palearctic regions, including the entirety of the Korean Peninsula. However, previous records of Oropeza from the Korean Peninsula have not been accepted because of the lack of comprehensive species-level investigations in this region. In this study, we present a new record of the species Dolichopeza (Oropeza) satsuma (Alexander, 1918) in South Korea, with redescription and photographs: general habitus, wing veins, and male genitalia. This finding marks the rediscovery of the subgenus Oropeza in the Korean Peninsula.

Scathophagidae, commonly known as dung flies, is a small dipteran family of Muscoidea and is the sister group of Anthomyiidae. Currently, there are 373 described species distributed across 47 genera worldwide. Scathophagidae is subdivided into two subfamilies, Scathophaginae and Delininae. Notably, Delininae is characterized by tergite 6 short, bare, and firmly fused with syntergosternite 7+8. Delininae includes five genera and one uncertain genus with around 26 species described to date. Taxonomic instability within Delininae has been raised by notable inconsistencies, particularly evident in the classification of genera of Americina Malloch, 1923, Parallelomma Becker, 1894, and Leptopa Zetterstedt, 1838. These disparities necessitate a systematic reevaluation to rectify taxonomic uncertainties, acknowledging the nuanced variations introduced by different taxonomists. To address these taxonomic conundrums within Delininae, molecular approaches were employed, using three mitochondrial genes (16S, Cytb, COIb) and three nuclear genes (28S, Ef1a, Pol II). Phylogenetic analysis was conducted by maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods to elucidate the comprehensive phylogenetic relationships within Delininae. Particularly, this study includes previously unexplored genera, namely Neochirosia Malloch, 1917 and Micropselapha Becker, 1894, and uncertain genus Synchysa Vockeroth, 1987, encompassing all genera in Delininae. The incorporation of all taxa contributes to a more thorough understanding of the evolutionary history within Scathophagidae, shedding light on previously overlooked aspects of its phylogenetic landscape.

Pseudopomyzidae (Diptera: Nerioidea) is rare and a small family of dark-colored acalyptrate flies, comprising 24 extant species in eight genera and two fossil species in a single genus. To date, only one species Pseudopomyza atrimana (Meigen, 1830) has been recorded in the Korean Peninsula. This study reports the first Korean records of the family Pseudopomyzidae, with two genera and two species, Polypathomyia stackelbergi Krivosheina, 1979 and Tenuia smirnovi Shatalkin, 1995. A key to Korean Pseudopomyzidae is provided with morphological diagnosis and illustrations of habitus and genital structures of males.