The Ministry of Environment in Korea published 'The Compilation of National List of Indigenous Insect Species ofthe Korean Peninsula' in 1996 including 11,853 species. The National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) originallycompiled the national species list of insects to establish a national inventory of endemic biological assets with the joinedefforts from all distinguished Korean taxonomists since 2008. For the convenience of taxonomists participating in theproject concurrently, the NIBR has developed the NIBR inventory description method and inventory system from 2008to 2017. Until September 2017 in this study, the NIBR has established the national insect inventory of 17,493 speciesincluding Collembola. The insect fauna of the Korean Peninsula comprises 579 families from 30 orders. The largest ordersare Coleoptera (114 families, 4,489 species), Lepidoptera (72 families, 3,868 species), Hymenoptera (63 families, 3,581species), Hemiptera (88 families, 2,102 species) and Diptera (79 families, 2,128 species). The fractions of the main insectorders in the fauna of the Korean peninsula correspond to those in the Holarctic temperate zone.

The Ministry of Environment in Korea published 'The Compilation of National List of Indigenous Insect Species of the Korean Peninsula' in 1996 including 11,853 species. The National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) originally compiled the national species list of insects to establish a national inventory of endemic biological assets with the joined efforts from all distinguished Korean taxonomists since 2008. For the convenience of scores of professional taxonomic groups participating in the project concurrently, the NIBR has developed the NIBR inventory description method and inventory system from 2008 to 2016. For nine years in this study, the NIBR has established the national insect inventory of 16,558 species including Collembola. The insect fauna of the Korean Peninsula comprises 565 families from 30 orders. The largest orders are Coleoptera (110 families, 4,318 species), Lepidoptera (67 families, 3,733 species), Hymenoptera (61 families, 3,151 species), Hemiptera (88 families, 2,013 species) and Diptera (79 families, 1,944 species). The fractions of the main insect orders in the fauna of the Korean peninsula correspond to those in the Holarctic temperate zone. And totally 13 volumes of national list of insect species in Korea were published.

Standardized short DNA sequences of the genome provide a DNA barcode for identifying species. Assembling DNA barcode data of regional fauna could provide a new identifying system and it will aid regional and global taxonomic studies and other applied biology. Recently, partial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences, around 670-bp region of the mitochondrial gene, has been qualified as a good DNA barcode for the identification of insect species. The superfamily Nepoidea includes two families-Belostomatidae and Nepidae. And it contains about 377 species in 23 genera worldwide. In Korea, each family is recognized 4 species 3 genera, respectively. As a part of the Korean insect DNA barcode project, we conducted preliminary DNA barcode study on Korean Nepoidea to provide useful molecular data for aiding accurate identification. This study also tested the effectiveness of a COI barcode in discriminating Korean Nepoidea species. So far, 43 individuals of 8 species belonging to two families were analyzed. We used a 658-bp fragment of COI gene was sequenced. Pairwise sequence divergences were calculated using a Kimura 2-parameter model and constructed neighbor-joining tree to calculate generic differences among species and within species.