How to effectively deal with the polluted water by the pollutant of organic dyes is the world problem. It is of great significance if the organic dyes in the polluted water can be directly turned into the useful materials through a facile approach. Herein, the water which contains the common organic dye, Reactive red 2 (RR2), has been chosen to be the model to synthesize graphene quantum dots (GQDs) by a facile route. The comprehensive characterizations, including TEM (HRTEM), XPS, Raman, PL and UV–Vis. spectra, have been performed to confirm the structures and explore the properties of the synthesized GQDs. Meanwhile, the excellent PL properties and low biotoxicity of the GQDs confer them with the potential applications in the biological fields. When the GQDs are excited by the wavelength of 360 nm, the maximum emission is achieved at 428 nm. It is well demonstrated that the synthesized GQDs are able to detect the Al3+ which causes multiple diseases, such as Parkinson, Alzheimer, kidney disease, and even cancer. The detection range is from 90 to 800 μM, which is different from the reported kinds of the literature. Therefore, this work not only provides an economical and environmental route on solving the universal problem from organic dyes, but also facilitates to advancing the synthesis and application of GQDs.

The Yellow River began ceasing affected by natural factors and the unreasonable human activities. The flow broke in the Yellow River and water and sediment flowing into the sea decreased, which lowered the speed of newly formed wetland extending to the sea. The water environment deteriorated; Its composing structure tended to be unsteady; The biologic diversity decreased and wetland function reduced. To ensure that the Yellow River delta and its ecosystem develops sustainablly, it is significant to reduce times and days of the ceasing, keep certain runoff and sediments in the river to the sea and make its watercourse stable.

The Yellow River delta is an important region where coastal and newly formed wetlands distribute in north China. Based on satellite remote sensing images and GIS techniques, this paper tends to delineate the dynamic changes of newly formed wetland in the Yellow River mouth from 1986.5 to 1996.10. Our results show that the newly formed wetland increased by 24.9 km2 per year. Before 1990.1 and it decreased by 2.40 km2 per year after that. The northern and southwestern parts of the Yellow River mouth are main positions of decrease and the southern and the estuary parts are main positions of increase. The advancing rate of river mouth extending into the Bo Sea is decreasing obviously. The reason for that is the decreasing of water and sediments in the Yellow River, which caused by the increasing use of water and soil conservation on upper reach.

This paper investigates preliminarily spatial distribution soil organic matter (SOM), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and its environmental influence in wetland soil of different vegetation landscape in the Yellow River Mouth. The result shows the SOM and total nitrogen (TN), efficient N, efficient P in top layer soils of different vegetation district have significantly different content, The SOM is shown as Calamagrostis epigeios wetlands > Phragmites cmmunis wetlands > Tamarix chinensi wetlands above tidal > Suaeda salsa wetlands in high tidal > Tamarix chinensi wetlands in high tidal > tidal flats, the arrange of the TN and efficient N content is the same except that the content in Suaeda salsa wetlands in high tidal is heavier than Tamarix chinensi wetlands in high tidal. In different vegetation landscape wetland types the vertical change of soil nutrients are obvious except for P, gradually decrease from the upper to the lower. This case reflects the function of the vegetation on the wetland development of soil, and proves the wetland soil has the characteristic of new born and bad degree of development. SOM, TN, efficient N and efficient P content in wetland soils have significantly positive correlation, but TP have no correlation with them but efficient P. The contents of TN in wetland soils range from 58~1480 mg/kg, total average content 408 mg/kg, average content of above 30 cm is 625 mg/kg. The range of TP content in the soil is 372~1042 mg/kg, total average is 569 mg/kg, average content of above 20 cm is 611 mg/kg. According the P it occurs mainly as calcium phosphates, and the validity is lower, therefore, N and P in the new born wetlands cannot produce serious impact on the environments at present.