We demonstrate a carbonate-suppressed hydrothermal route for synthesizing tetragonal BaTiO3 (BT) nanoparticles using barium acetate as the Ba source. Commercial TiO2 (P25) was converted to BT in KOH at 240 °C for 6 h without post-annealing. Relative to conventional Ba(OH)2 routes, the acetate precursor markedly reduced BaCO3 formation and narrowed the particle-size distribution. Systematic tuning of the Ba/Ti ratio (≥ 1.3) further optimized nucleation and growth, yielding uniform ~100 nm particles at Ba/Ti = 1.7 with the highest tetragonality (c/a ≈ 1.0076), as verified by XRD (002/200 splitting) and corroborated by Raman signatures of the tetragonal phase. Trace carbonate, when present, could be removed by mild weak-acid washing (e.g., acetic or citric acid) as effectively as with strong acids, but with improved process safety and practicality. The combined use of barium acetate, controlled Ba/Ti chemistry, and gentle carbonate removal yields phase-pure, highly tetragonal BT nanoparticles from low-cost precursors in a short dwell time, offering a scalable pathway to MLCC-grade powders.

Insects are among the most diverse groups of animals on the planet, representing more than half of all known living organisms. These insects are found in nearly every environment. Although humans regard certain insects as pests and attempt to control them using insecticides, most insects perform complex ecological functions, and provide either direct or indirect economic benefits to humans. Recently, the importance of insects used as food sources or as pets has increased in many countries, including Korea. In addition, several insects have a strong influence on people's emotion. Insect-mediated mental healthcare program is designed to help people who have disorders with physical, behavior and development. Children who have mental disorder, the experimental group that was provided with an insect-mediated mental healthcare program over a total of 8 sections, one section per week, 60 minutes per section, followed by pre-test and post-test. They responded to therapeutic effect after the completion of the program. Further research on the basis of this study is expected to help children with emotional therapy in other areas.

광나무(L. lucidum)는 ursolic acid와 oleanolic acid를 다량 포함하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 광나무 열매, 줄기, 잎 세 부위 추출물의 항주름 효능을 평가하였다. 광나무 추출물은 human skin fibroblasts에서 독성이 없을 뿐만 아니라 MMP-1과 MMP-2의 발현을 감소시키고 COL1A1의 발현을 증가시켰다. 이들 추출물은 모두 농도 의존적으로 COL1A1의 발현을 증가시켰으며 MMP-1과 MMP-2의 발현을 감소시켰다. 광나무 세 부위 추출물 가운데, 열매 부위에 가장 많은 양의 ursolic acid 와 oleanolic acid가 함유되어 있었으며 가장 강한 COL1A1 upregulating 효과와 MMP-1과 MMP-2 downregulating 효과를 나타냈다. 이처럼 항주름 효능을 보이는 광나무 열매 추출물은 기능성 화장품 소재로 개발될 수 있는 가능성이 있다.