In animals, structural coloration is the production of color by microscopically structured surfaces of many birds as well as many butterfly wings and beetles wing cases. This structural coloration is caused by interference effects rather than by pigments. It has been known that the colors are produced when a material is scored with fine parallel lines, formed of one or more parallel thin layers, or otherwise composed of microstructures on the scale of the colour’s wavelength. Current research is performed using light and scanning electron microscopes to examine the fine structural characteristics of scales in the three species of iridescent butterflies Papilio maackii, Charaxes tiridates and Anaea glaucone. It has been revealed that the structural coloration of these butterflies is responsible for the blues and greens of the scales of wings. In addition, the reflected color depends on the viewing angle, which in turn controls the apparent spacing of the structures responsible for specific color patterns of the wing scales.