남해안의 바다숲을 구성하는 종을 확인하고 바다숲 조성에 적합한 종을 파악하기 위하여 남해안 12개 정점에서 계절별로 4개 수심에서 2018년∼2019년에 걸쳐서 해조류의 생물량을 조사하였다. 해조류 생물량을 근거로 켈프종 3종과 모자반류 3종에 대해서 서식지적합지수를 계산하여 생물량과 비교하였다. 본 연구에서 바다숲을 구성하는 종은 켈프종 4종과 모자반류 12종으로 총 16종이 관찰되었다. 정점별로 해조류의 평균 생물량 (계절별, 수심별 포함)은 남해 동부에서 843.73∼2,925.85 g wet wt. m-2였고 남해 서부에서 343.87∼4,580.10 g wet wt. m-2였다. 모든 정점에서 생물량 기준으로 볼 때, 켈프종에서는 감태가 가장 우점하였고 다음으로 곰피였으며, 모자반류에서는 큰열매모자반이 1위였고 괭생이모자반이 2위로 나타났다. 서식지지 수는 곰피가 8개 정점에서 0.76∼1.00이었으며, 감태는 4개 정점에서 0.58∼0.92의 범위를 보임으로써 곰피가 감태에 비해 적합한 종으로 나타났다. 모자반류의 서식지적합지수는 괭생이모자반이 12개 모든 정점에서 0.84∼1.00의 값을, 그리고 큰열매모자반이 0.68∼0.99을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과 바다숲 조성에 적합한 켈프종과 모자반종은 생물량과 서식지적합지수와 약간의 차이를 보였는데, 생물량으로는 감태와 큰열매모자반이, 서식지적합지수로 보면, 곰피와 괭생이모자반이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구를 통해서 바다숲 조성을 위한 적합종의 선택을 위해서는 해조류의 생물량과 서식지적합지수를 모두 고려 해야 할 것으로 사료되며, 서식지적합지수 계산을 위해서는 향후 더 많은 연구가 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

The Korean government has been carrying out the marine ranch development project since 1998 with the purpose of responding to the decrease in coastal fishery resources and fishery income, preparing a systematic management system for the sustainable use of fishery resources and realizing advanced fisheries power by expanding and upgrading fisheries resource development projects. In addition, the government established the Korea Fisheries Resources Agency and promoted projects for the protection and management of fishery resources by increasing basic productivity by artificially creating marine forests in areas where whitening events occur. Since the project of building marine ranches and marine forests requires immense government financial support, it is important to estimate the economic value and thoroughly evaluate the feasibility of the project. In this paper, the project of non-market economic value of the development of marine ranches and the development of marine forests was estimated. CVM (Contingent Valuation Method) was applied as a methodology for benefits estimation. Prior to the analysis, a one-on-one interview survey was conducted with participation of 512 residents and 514 residents respectively for the project of creating a marine ranch and developing a marine forest. A DBDC (Double-Bounded Dichotumous Choice) model was applied in the WTP (Willingness To Pay) analysis model and the socioeconomic variables of the surveyor, such as sex, age, education and income, were reflected in the model. The economic benefits from the two projects, namely, building of marine ranches and developing marine forests were estimated to be equal to 4,608 won and 7,772 won per household per year, respectively. According to the results of the survey, it seems that respondents think that marine forests are more valuable than marine ranches. This is as a result of ordinary citizens’ thought that the marine ranches are more cost-effective than the marine forests. The benefits estimated through this study can be used for analysis of economic feasibility prior to carrying out the project of building marine ranches and developing marine forests, and are considered to be the valuable for policy-making purposes and finding social and economic consensus.

This study is to evaluate economic value of the ecosystem service benefits of the marine forests provided to our society on the basis of the global standard valuation manual. The main results of this study are summarized as follows: First, the ecosystem service benefits of marine forests are worth 771,121,551 won per hectare for a year in Korea. Second, when evaluating value based on the services benefits of the marine forests, as resource provisioning service, the annual value of the fishery potential production amounts to 58,512,271 won per hectare. The annual value of the environmental and regulatory services is estimated to total 29,574,000 won per hectare including 546,488 won per hectare for climate regulation, 85,342 won per hectare for pollution purification, and 28,942,170 won per hectare for erosion protection. The annual value of the culture and tourinsm services is estimated to total 15,317,647 won per hectare including 5,011,765 won per hectare for skin scuba service and 10,305,882 won per hectare for sea fishing. Also, the aunnual non-use value is estimate to 637,800,000 won per hectare. Third, assuming that the value of the sea forests increases proportionally to the unit area, the marine forests can be valued at 12.7 trillion won per year based on 12,208.2 hectares of marine forests creation area and 4,272.6 hectares of natural seaweed beds. Fourth, the total economic value of the marine forests can be estimated at 244 trillion won in 2016, if the value of the marine forests permanently continues in the future by applying 5.5% of the social discount rate. The results of this study are expected to serve as a valuable information for improving awareness of the value of marine forests ecosystem and ensuring the validity of the marine forests creation policy by converting the value of the marine forests's ecosystem service into monetary units.

거문도 바다숲 조성해역의 해수유동 특성을 파악하기 위하여 현장조사 및 수치실험을 통하여 바다숲 조성해역의 조석류에 의한 해수 흐름을 분석하였다. 수치실험에 사용된 수치모형은 EFDC(Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code)를 사용하여 연직방향으로 총 5개 층을 나누어 실험을 수행하였다. 수치모형의 검증은 조위 및 조류 각 2개 정점의 조화분석을 통한 조화상수 비교를 통하여 수치실험결과와 관측결과가 잘 일치하고 조시별 유동장을 잘 재현하고 있음을 확인하였다. 수치실험결과, 바다숲 조성해역의 해수흐름패턴은 대상해역 바깥쪽의 주류에 비해 방파제의 역할을 하는 밖노루섬으로 인해 흐름이 약해지고, 잔차류는 주로 북서방향의 흐름이 형성되나 크기는 미약하게 나타나 포자나 유배 등이 만내에 체류할 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 바다숲 조성시설물을 효율적으로 배치할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.