In this study, a performance evaluation was conducted on a composite elastic asphalt precast expansion joint developed to replace steel expansion joints that frequently suffer from various damages, such as blow-up owing to increased traffic volume and abnormal weather. Two types of elastic asphalt binders were prepared by mixing a latex-based modifier, and their basic properties and performance were evaluated. Elastic asphalt binders were mixed with 8–13 and 13–19 mm aggregates to prepare elastic asphalt joint mixtures, and their permanent deformation and adhesive performance were evaluated using Hamburg wheel-tracking and direct-shear tests. Elastic asphalt joint blocks and internal reinforcement for crack prevention were applied to produce the elastic composite expansion joints, and their performance was evaluated through contraction–extension tests to determine fatigue cracking, maximum load during contraction– extension, and repeated contraction–extension tests. As a result of the performance evaluation of the developed elastic asphalt binder, both the high- and low-temperature performances were improved, and the temperature sensitivity was superior to that of general asphalt binders, exhibiting high resistance to cracking. In addition, the joint block specimens manufactured by mixing the elastic asphalt binder with 13–19 mm aggregates exhibited excellent permanent deformation in the dynamic stability and Hamburg wheel-tracking tests, and they had higher adhesive performance than the method of repairing with rapid-hardening concrete materials at low and room temperatures, where significant contraction of the concrete joint occurs. We confirmed that when a compression spring-type reinforcement was applied, the compressive force for contraction decreased significantly compared with the unreinforced state, and the tensile force for extension increased, thereby reducing the stress applied to the mixture itself. The composite elastic asphalt precast expansion joint developed in this study is expected to have superior durability against cracks and secure continuity with the road surface through the tensile force dispersing effect using expansion reinforcement. Thus, it has better drivability than the existing steel expansion joint and can absorb shocks such as vibrations and noise applied to a structure.

교량의 시공기술 발달에 따른 다양한 교량의 건설과 교통량의 증가에 따른 내구성 및 유지보수의 중요성이 크게 부각되면서, 이와 같은 요구조건을 충족시킬 수 있는 신축이음장치의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 또한 최근 기후온난화로 인한 여름철 도로 블로우업 현상에 기인한 신축이음장치의 하자가 최근 발생하고 있는 실정이다. 신축이음장치는 교량형식 및 제원, 교통량, 보수, 교체성 및 강설량 등에 따라 점차 다양해지고 기술이 집약화되고 있으나, 아직까지 모든면에서 완벽한 신축이음장치는 없으며, 각 형식에 따라 장단점이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 기존 강재형 신축이음장치가 아닌 저온·고온에 성능에 우수 한 탄성아스팔트 바인더 혼합물에 응력분산을 통한 균열에 효과적인 신축보강재를 복합 구성하여 프리캐스트방식으로 공장에서 제작하여 현장에 적용 빠른 시간내 시공이 가능하도록 신축이음장치를 제작하여 이를 연구·평가하고자 한다