PURPOSES: This study analyzed the differences in drivers’behaviors and car movements between drowsy driving conditions and normal driving. METHODS: This study analyzed behavior data from 32 participants and the related car movement data in a field test under drowsy driving and normal driving conditions. Acquired data were closed-eye time, distance between the test car and the left lane, distance between the test car and the right lane, driving speed, video clip of the driver’s face during driving, and so on. A total of 30 samples for drowsy driving and normal driving were selected once errors had been excluded. RESULTS: There were three factors that differed between drowsy driving and normal driving conditions: closed-eye time, distance between the test car and the left lane, and distance between the test car and the right lane. These results were significant at the 0.05 level. CONCLUSIONS : This study shows that there are three factors that vary significantly between drowsy driving and normal driving conditions that can be useful for detecting drowsy driving. Future studies should be designed with these results in mind, further considering, age, type of road, study site, and so on.

The carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology from industrial flue-gas is an important environmental issue these days. Membrane process can be competitive technology for its relatively small footprint and eco-friendly system. Many membrane modules with high selectivity and excellent flux have been developed so far. However, the high purity and recovery for CO2 capture can be achieved by optimization of operating conditions such as membrane area, feed/permeate pressure ratio and humidity of flue gas as well as membrane permeance or selectivity. In this study, we discuss the effect of operating parameters for high CO2 purity and recovery at permeate side. Using polymeric hollow fiber membrane, the single membrane process was tested to figure out the effect of feed flow rate, pressure ratio, membrane area and moisture content.

최근 우리나라 65세 이상인 인구의 비율이 12%를 넘으면서 고령운전자가 일으키는 교통사고도 함께 늘 어나고 있다. 교통안전공단과 경찰청의 자료에 따르면 고령자 교통사고 발생건수는 2008년 10,155건에서 2012년 15,190건으로 5년간 49.5%가 증가했으며, 작년과 비교했을 땐 11.7%가 증가했다. 또한, 고령운전 자 교통사고의 사망자와 부상자는 2008년과 2012년 사이에 각각 28.4%, 46.6%가 증가했다. 청주시의 2012년 기준 고령인구는 57,500인, 고령인구 비율이 8.62%로 고령화 사회의 기준인 7%를 넘 어서고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 고령운전자에 대한 대책이 전무한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 청주시에서 발생한 존별 고령운전자 교통사고의 사고 특성을 분석하고, 사고빈도 모형 및 사고 심각도 모형을 개발한다.

Korea has adopted a federal renewable electricity standard that begins at 2% in 2012 and requires companies to source 10% of their electricity from renewables by 2022. Therefore the interest in the use of biomass as a renewable energy resource is growing. By importing biomass, the Korea, which produces too little biomass of its own, can meet the needs of the renewable energy sectors. In the case of import biomass, it will cost a great deal on the transportation and logistics of biomass materials. Therefore new research and development on the biomass fuel with high energy density is needed to reduce logistics cost on transportation of the biomass fuel. Torrefaction is a thermochemical treatment process of biomass at temperatures ranging between 200 and 300oC. Typically, 70% of the mass is retained as a char product, containing 90% of the initial energy content. Torrefaction experiments on samples of EFB were performed in a fixed bed reactor to determine the effect of operation variables such as reaction temperature (205-310oC), reaction time (20-40 min) and air ratio (0-0.18) on char yield and characteristics. Increase of the torrefaction temperature led to a decrease of the yield of the char. The heating value of char increased with the increase of the reaction temperature, because the carbon content increased and hydrogen and oxygen content decreased. The yield of char decreased with increasing air ratio. This suggested that oxidation of EFB occurred during torrefaction in the presence of oxygen.

밸러스트수 처리를 위한 Plasma Gun의 전기적 특성과 오존 생성에 미치는 주요 운전변수들의 영향에 관해 실험실 규모 연구를 수행하였다. 방전개시전압보다 높은 전압이 인가되면 방전이 시작되고 오존이 생성되었으며 전압이 증가함에 따라 기체로 전달되는 에너지 및 오존 농도가 거의 선형적으로 증가하였다. 오존 생성 측면에서 최적의 에너지 효율성을 얻을 수 있는 전극간 거리가 존재하였으며 실험된 장치에서는 1.95 mm의 전극간 거리에서 최적 효율이 얻어졌다. 전기에너지 특성에 미치는 내부전극 재질의 영향은 무시할만한 수준이었으나 내부전극의 전기전도도와 열전도도 차이가 오존 생성에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 일정한 Plasma Gun 구조에서 오존 생성은 기체로 전달되는 에너지밀도에 의해 중요한 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며 유입되는 기체의 산소함량이 증가할수록 오존 생성이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.