The distinctive characteristic of Confucian culture is the maximum offilial piety: requite the favor of parents with filial piety, requite the favor of Emperor with loyaty. All these, to a certain degree, have deeply influenced Chinese social and economic structures. This paper, which discusses the filial piety of Confucian culture, and analyzes its formation and function, points out that this is the first step of modern transformation of Confucian culture.