For analysis the distributional characteristics of ‘PP + NP’ structure (prepositional phrase) in Chinese syntax, we have approached through the relation between adverbial phrase and complement. Until recently, analysis of grammatical function of adverbial phrase and complement has been conducted. In addition, analysis of ‘PP + NP’ structure of ‘adverbial case’ which has the same grammatical function and position is divided into ‘prepositional phrase’ and ‘special structure’. It is probably result from the conflict between ‘function’ and ‘meanings’. Therefore, we are going to approach this topic ‘why ‘PP + NP’ structure is differently divided into ‘prepositional phrase’ and ‘special structure’ through the investigation of ‘Zeitlichkeit’ and ‘congnitive case’.