본 연구는 초고령사회 진입과 함께 증가하는 노인범죄 문제를 다루며, 처벌 중심의 형사정책에 대한 한계를 비판하고 ‘비판범죄학’에 기반하여 노인 출소자들의 범죄 원인과 책임 인식을 분석하고자 한다. 또한, 이들 의 생애 전반에 걸친 사회적 환경이 삶에 미친 영향을 프레이리의 ‘세상 읽기’ 관점에 바탕을 두고 탐구하였다. 연구 방법으로 생애사 연구를 채 택하여 연구참여자의 개인적 경험을 심층적으로 분석하고, 만델바움의 분석틀을 활용해 삶의 영역, 전환, 적응이라는 세 가지 범주로 결과를 도 출하였다. 삶의 영역은 ‘빈곤과 역기능적 가정’, ‘이루지 못한 학업’, ‘성 공적인 돈벌이’로 도출되었으며, 전환점은 ‘생계형 범죄로 진입’, ‘소외와 배제’, ‘범죄에서 탈출’ 과정으로 나타났다. 적응 차원에서는 ‘순응 또는 적응의 생애전략’과 ‘공동체적 관계 맺기’, ‘인권 기반 사회복지’가 사회 적응에 중요하게 작용함을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 주류 범죄학의 개인화된 관점을 넘어 ‘비판범죄학’의 구조적 관점과 프레이리의 ‘세상읽 기’라는 실천적 관점을 융합하여, 보다 ‘인간화’된 사회복지적 접근을 제안 하며, 출소자의 재사회화를 위한 공동체적 지원체계 및 교정복지와 사회복 지가 통합된 형사정책의 필요성을 강조한다.

The welfare enhancement of discharged prisoners should be an important part in social welfare, criminal policy and correction services because it has great benefits for both discharged prisoners themselves and society. Even with these advantages, it has been relatively neglected in society and academic circles. This is caused by focusing on the programs, policies and systems related to criminals in prison. Also it is difficult to intervene their privacy because they already had their obligations for crime. Though every step of procedures for criminals as crime→ investigation→ justice→ correction→ after care for discharged prisoners has its own importance, the failure of the last stage to prevent discharged prisoners from committing crime again means that they can be fallen into vicious cycle and efforts so far have gone in vain. If the rehabilitation stage is executed scientifically and professionally, the effectiveness to prevent them from committing second offense could be high even though the prior steps were performed poorly. This study starts with the assumption that a health society can be established by helping discharged prisoners not to commit crimes again through systematic and scientific social support. So, especially it focuses on the roles of rehabilitation services and social network that help them overcome the obstacles surrounding them. Values and philosophy that should be planted in our society to promote discharged prisoners' social welfare. In addition, readjusting them to social life that can lead to enhance welfare and promise the public safety is examined based on interrelationship between prevention of second offence and rehabilitation services. Because rehabilitation agency for discharged prisoners rely on the justice department's policy, there are sufficient needs to examine and analyze the direction for rehabilitation services of government.