Deep beam shall be designed either by taking into account nonlinear distribution of strain or by Appendix A of Strut-and-Tie Models (STM) according to ACI 318(M) from version of 2002. Although STM is accepted as tool in design Discontinuity region (D-region) which mostly exist in Deep beam, Corbels, Dapped ends etc, it has been many modified by researchers. In this study we design deep beam by STMs which use simple truss for load distribution and the model of complex truss for load distribution compare with the ACI traditional which is designed by flexure design method and shear provided by concrete (Vc) as provided in special provisions section of 11.8 in ACI 318-99 [1]. This study aims to find the different and efficiency of deep beam design based on variation of parameter compiled from many samples selected from ACI traditional and two model of STMs, simple and complex load distribution.

Recently, strengthening and repairing concrete structures are increasing due to the deterioration of concrete infrastructures. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Plastic (CFRP) system for strengthening concrete structures have emerged as an alternative to traditional strengthening techniques, such as steel plate bonding, section enlargement, and external post-tensioning. CFRP systems offer advantages over traditional strengthening techniques such as lightweight, noncorrosive, and relatively easy to install. In this paper, we present the structural design algorithm for the RC beams strengthened with CFRP sheet based on ACI 440. In addition, structural behavior of strengthened RC beams is investigated by varying the amount of CFRP sheets.

The Axial compression tests were conducted on FRP strengthened circular CFT short clumns with the test parameters of D/t ratio and the number of FRP sheet ply. The ultimate strength design formula were proposed by applying ACI 440 code for FRP strengthened circular CFT columns.