We carry out a study of Sub-Millimeter Galaxies (SMGs) in the AKARI NEP-Deep field using the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) SCUBA-2 850 μm source catalog, released as part of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey (S2CLS) program. The SCUBA-2 850 μm map has a root mean square (rms) noise of 1.2 mJy beam−1 and covers an area of 0.60 degree2. We find four SMGs which have counterparts to Herschel sources with spectroscopic redshifts in the literature. In addition, three dust obscured galaxies (DOGs) detected in Herschel bands are selected as a comparison sample. We derive IR luminosities of SMGs using the CIGALE code, which are similar to those of high redshift SMGs from previous studies. The contribution of AGN to the total IR luminosity in SMGs (2%–11%) is smaller than the lower limit for the one in DOGs (19%–35%), which is consistent with the expectation from the evolutionary scenario of massive galaxies. We search for SMGs in overdense regions as protocluster candidates and investigate four regions, including candidates around three DOGs. Finally, we argue that follow-up spectroscopic observation for the NEP-Deep field will provide crucial information to understand the role of SMGs in the evolution of massive galaxies.

We report a spatial uctuation analysis of the sky brightness in the near-infrared from observations towards the north ecliptic pole (NEP) by AKARI at 2.4 and 3.2 μm. As a follow up study of our previous work on the Monitor eld of AKARI, we used NEP deep survey data, which covered a circular area of about 0.4 square degrees, in order to extend uctuation analysis at angular scales up to 1000". After pre-processing, additional correction procedures were done to correct time varying components and instrumental effects such as MUXbleed. To remove resolved objects, we applied 2α clipping and point spread function (PSF) subtraction. We finally obtained mosaicked images which can be used for the study of various diffuse emissions in the near-infrared sky and found that there are spatial structures in the mosaicked images using a power spectrum analysis.

We analyzed spectral data of the astrophysical diuse emission obtained with the low-resolution spec- troscopy mode on the AKARI InfraRed Camera (IRC) in the 1.8-5.3 μm wavelength region. Advanced reduction methods specialized for slit spectroscopy of diuse sky spectra have been developed, and a catalog of 278 spectra of the diffuse sky covering a wide range of Galactic and ecliptic latitudes was constructed. Using this catalog, two other major foreground components, the zodiacal light (ZL) and the diuse Galactic light (DGL), were separated and subtracted by taking correlations with ZL brightness es- timated by the DIRBE ZL model and with the 100 μm dust thermal emission, respectively. The isotropic emission was interpreted as the extragalactic background light (EBL), which shows significant excess over the integrated light of galaxies at <4 μm.

We present physical properties of 24 μm galaxies detected by AKARI and Spitzer and their evolution between redshifts 0:4 < z < 2. Using multi-wavelength data from X-ray to radio observations in NEP Deep Field (for AKARI) and Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field (for Spitzer), we derive photometric redshift, stellar mass, star-formation rate (SFR), dust extinction magnitude and rest-frame luminosities/colors of the 24 μm galaxies from photometric SED fitting. We infer the SFRs from rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity and total infrared luminosity calibrated against Herschel photometric data. For both survey elds, we obtain complete samples with stellar mass of > 1010M⊙ and SFR of > 30M⊙=yr up to z = 2. We nd that specific SFRs evolves with redshift at all stellar masses in NON-power-law galaxies (non-PLGs) as star-formation dominant luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs). The correlations between specific SFR and stellar mass in the Spitzer and AKARI galaxy samples are well consistent with trends of the main sequence galaxies. We also discuss nature of PLGs and their evolution.

Properties of ULIRGs (Ultra Luminous InfraRed Galaxies) are important to understand the cosmic star formation history. To investigate their properties up to z=0.3, we search for ULIRGs identified by using the AKARI/FIS Bright Source Catalogue and the WISE All-Sky catalog. By matching the AKARI 90 μm catalogue with the WISE catalog, we selected 3,452 galaxies. Additionally, combined with the SDSS DR10 spectroscopic data, we selected 952 galaxies with spec-z. We then computed total infrared luminosities using SED fitting technique, and identied 31 ULIRGs, 561 LIRGs and 344 IRGs. For these galaxies, we found an indication that ULIRGs selected by AKARI change the SED shape with redshift (z = 0.1 - 0.3).

We have identified 22 quasars in the AKARI far-infrared all-sky Bright Source Catalogue, using a matching radius of < 10", and excluding matches which are close to foreground extended sources or cirrus. We have confirmed a relation between quasar optical luminosity and far-infrared luminosity which was found in an earlier study. In addition, we have found that the 11 sources which are at redshift z > 1 are magnified with respect to the predicted far-infrared luminosity, and consider this may be due to gravitational lensing. If confirmed, this would provide a new way to identify lenses; if not, we may have identied an interesting new population of extreme starbursting quasars.

We crossmatch AKARI all-sky survey with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10 (SDSS DR10) and the Final Data Release of the Two-Degree Field Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) and identify 118 Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs) and one Hyperluminous Infrared Galaxy (HLIRG). We find 40 new ULIRGs and one new HLIRG. ULIRGs in our sample are interacting galaxies or ongoing/post mergers. This is consistent with the fact that ULIRGs are major mergers of disk galaxies. We find that compared to local star forming SDSS galaxies of similar mass, local ULIRGs have lower oxygen abundances and this is consistent with the previous studies.

We discuss a new IRAS Faint Source Catalog galaxy redshift catalogue (RIFSCz) which incorporates data from Galex, SDSS, 2MASS, WISE, AKARI and Planck. AKARI uxes are consistent with photometry from other far infrared and submillimetre missions provided an aperture correction is applied. Results from the Hermes-SWIRE survey in Lockman are also discussed brie y, and the strong contrast between the galaxy populations selected at 60 and 500 μm is summarized.

We present the results of our mid-infrared (MIR) observations of distant clusters of galaxies with AKARI. The wide-eld of view of IRC/AKARI (10'X10') is ideally suited for studying dust-obscured star-formation (SF) activity of galaxies along the cosmic web in the distant universe. We performed a deep and wide-field 15 μm (rest-frame  8 μm) imaging observation of the RXJ1716+6708 cluster (z = 0:81) with IRC. We find that 15 m-detected cluster member galaxies (with total infrared luminosities of LIR & 1011L⊙) are most preferentially located in the cluster outskirt regions, whilst such IR-luminous galaxies avoid the cluster centre. Our Hα follow-up study of this field conrmed that a significant fraction of 15 μm-detected cluster galaxies are heavily obscured by dust (with AHα>3 mag in extreme cases). The environment of such dusty star-burst galaxies coincides with the place where we see a sharp "break" of the colour-density relation, suggesting an important link between dust-obscured SF activity and environmental quenching. We also report the discovery of a new cluster candidate around a radio galaxy at z = 1:52 (4C 65.22), where we obtained one of the deepest IRC imaging datasets with all the nine filters at 2-24 μm. This field will provide us with the final, excellent laboratory for studying the dust-enshrouded SF activity in galaxies along the cosmic web at the critical epoch of cluster galaxy evolution with AKARI.

We present a summary of our spectroscopic redshift catalogue of 404 sources in the AKARI Deep Field South (ADF-S). We have used the AAOmega spectrograph to target mid-infrared and far-infrared sources selected primarily from AKARI observations in this field for which we were able to obtain optical counterparts. Our sources with identified redshifts include 316 with Hα detections at z  0:345 and 15 sources at z > 1 with MgII or Ly emission lines. About 13% of our z  0:345 sources are dominated by active galactic nuclei (AGN) emission, although many show emission from both star formation and AGNs. The median Balmer decrement is 5.9. Ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) were found only in the higher-redshift sources. Optical and near infrared data will be available shortly, enabling calibration of the line luminosities and spectral energy distribution (SED) tting for these sources.

The AKARI Deep Field South (ADF-S) is a large extragalactic survey field that is covered by multiple instruments, from optical to far-IR and radio. I summarise recent results in this and related fields prompted by the release of the Herschel far-IR/submm images, including studies of cold dust in nearby galaxies, the identification of strongly lensed distant galaxies, and the use of colour selection to find candidate very high redshift sources. I conclude that the potential for significant new results from the ADF-S is very great. The addition of new wavelength bands in the future, eg. from Euclid, SKA, ALMA and elsewhere, will boost the importance of this field still further.

The AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Field is a natural location to accomplish deep extragalactic surveys. It is supported by comprehensive ancillary data extending from radio to X-ray wavelengths, which have been used to classify radio sources as radio-loud and radio-quiet objects and to create a catalogue of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). This has been achieved by using a radio-optical classification and colour- colour diagrams rather than the more usual way based on spectroscopy Furthermore, we explore whether this technique can be extended by using a far-Infrared (FIR) colour-colour diagram which has been used to identify 268 high redshift candidates.