Termites are a major problem for home and business owners around the world. Termites gnaw through wood and burrow under the foundations of buildings causing a great deal of damage to the structure of the building. Phosphine (PH3) is very effective fumigant and is widely used to control pests. PH3 rapidly penetrate through treated material, so it replaced many conventional fumigants for treatment of durable materials. In this study, we have investigated the effectiveness of PH3 fumigation on wood pests, Reticulitermes speratus kyushuensis. We evaluated two bioassay methods; wooden cube (10×10×10 cm) and insect breeding dish in comparison with effectiveness of PH3 penetrations into the timber block. Fumigation to adults of R. speratus was carried in a desiccator system for 24 h at 5 and 15℃. As a result, LC99 of PH3 to R. speratus in wooden cubes and insect breeding dish at 5℃ was 0.183 and 0.177 mg L-1, respectively. LC99 of PH3 in wooden cubes and insect breeding dish at 15℃ was 0.077 and 0.078 mg L-1, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two bioassay methods. Thess results indicate that PH3 described herein merit further study as potential fumigants for termite control.

Methyl bromide (MB) is a widely used fumigant in most of the countries for quarantine purpose. However, MB has been phasing out and under control in many countries because it is listed as an ozone-depleting substance under the Montreal Protocol. In this study, we have investigated the effectiveness of phosphine fumigation on wood pests for developing an MB alternatives. We evaluated two bioassay methods; wooden cube (10×10×10 cm) and normal fumigation procedures in comparison with effectiveness of phosphine (PH3) penetrations into the timber block. Fumigation to adults of Reticulitermes speratus was carried in a desiccator system for 24hr at 5 and 15 ℃. As a result, LC99 of PH3 to R. speratus in wooden cubes and insect breeding dish at 5℃ was 0.183 and 0.177 mg L-1, respectively. LC99 of PH3 in wooden cubes and insect breeding dish at 15℃ was 0.077 and 0.078 mg L-1, respectively.

신규 살충성화합물의 개발을 위한 생물검정법 확립의 일환으로 수종의 곤충을 이용하여 침지시간, 약제처리 방법, 공시충의 종간 및 발육태에 따른 살충제의 감수성을 조사하였다. 침지시간, 처리방법, 공시충의 종간 및 발육태에 따라 살충력에 현저한 차이를 보였는데, 침지시간은 엽침지법에서 약 30~60초 침지처리에서 효과가 좋았으며 60초 이상 침지처리에서는 식물체의 내용물이 용출되어 바람직하지 않았다. 처리방법은 콩진딧물과 복숭아혹진딧물 무시암컷, 배추좀나방과 담배거세미나방 3령유충은 엽침지법, 벼멸구 3령약충 또는 성충과 벼유묘 동시분무법, 점박이응애는 엽침지법 또는 분무법이 효과적인 처리방법이었다. 키틴합성저해제의 검정은 벼멸구의 경우 3령약충, 배추좀나방과 담배거세미나방 3령유충, 진딧물류 3령약충 및 점박이응애 유충을 약제가 분무처리된 유묘에 접종하여 검정하는 방법이 적합하였다.