Covalent organic framework (COF) membranes have emerged as promising candidates for hydrogen purification due to their tunable pore sizes and robust structures. However, achieving high selectivity and permeability simultaneously remains a challenge due to the inherent pore size distribution of COF materials. In this study, we fabricated two distinct COF membranes, TpPa-1 and TpTGCl, with pore sizes of 1.8 nm and 0.39 nm, respectively, using tailored synthesis methods. The TpTGCl membrane, synthesized via room temperature interfacial polymerization and vacuum-assisted filtration, exhibits an ultrathin nanosheet structure with an interlayer π–π stacking distance of 0.33 nm. This unique architecture, combined with its affinity for CO2 adsorption, enables exceptional hydrogen separation performance, achieving a H2/ CO2 selectivity of 52.5 and a H2 permeability of 3.49 × 10– 7 mol m− 2 s− 1 Pa− 1. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the steric hindrance effect as the primary mechanism for the selective permeation of hydrogen. The TpTGCl membrane effectively sieves larger gas molecules ( CO2, N2, CH4, etc.) without the need for material modification or excessive membrane thickness. This study demonstrates the potential of COF membranes with tailored pore sizes for high-performance hydrogen purification and offers valuable insights for the development of advanced separation technologies.

In recent years, technology has been developed the way the volume of the portable communication device is reduced but its performance is maintained. The COF(Chip On Film) packaging method is used due to the densification of the lead pitch, especially for the display driver IC. During COF packaging, lead break and film detachment could occur by the high bonding temperature and pressure, and possibility for lead interference can emerge by deformation of leads. In this study, a new double-column arrangement of leads is considered to increase lead density further than the existing zigzag arrangement of leads, and nonlinear structural analysis was carried out to examine whether the interference can occur. The results showed that stress and deformation of the corner region appear relatively higher than those of central region, and interference did not occur by the lead strain for the double-column arrangement of leads with pitch of 25μm. Therefore, double-column lead arrangement can improve lead density by about 176% compared to the zigzag lead arrangement