본 연구에서 Pemphigus bursarius를 국내에서 처음으로 보고한다. 이 종의 분포지역, 기주식물, 형태학적 정보를 제공한다.

본 연구에서 Tetraneura triangula 를 국내에서 처음으로 보고한다. 이 종의 분포지역, 기주식물, 형태학적 정보를 제공하였다.

본 연구에서 Kaltenbachiella japonica를 국내에서 처음으로 보고한다. 이 종의 분포지역, 기주식물, 형태학적 정보를 제공하였다.

The genus Eriosoma Leach, 1818 belonging to the subfamily Eriosomatinae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) includes 46 species in the world. The genus is mostly distributed in the Holarctic and Oriental regions. Most of the species in the genus form leaf-roll galls on Ulmus species. Until now, there are few studies about the genus on the morphological taxonomy in Korea. Up to date, seven species of the genus have been recorded from Korea. In the present study, a total of nine species of the genus is revised. Among them, two species, Eriosoma alabastrum Pashtshenko, 1988 and Eriosoma ulmi ulmi (Linnaeus, 1758), were discovered for the first time in Korea. We provide a key to the Korean species and full redescriptions in detail.

The mitochondrial COI gene has often been utilized as a molecular marker for species identification. However, it has sometimes caused misidentification for some pairs of closely related species. For detecting complementary barcoding loci, we first screened candidate genes by calculating genetic distances within and between species based on 542 sequences collected from the Genbank by using aphids of the Eriosomatini as an example. Of eight genes analyzed, we selected the ATP6 and ATP8 genes, which exhibited lower intraspecific and higher interspecific genetic divergences than did the COI gene. Secondly, we tested the usefulness of these genes by calculating genetic distances between all the combinations of 44 individuals of 23 eriosomatine species for each of the ATP6, ATP8, and COI genes. In the ATP8 gene, the average intraspecific divergence was lowest (0.6%) and the average interspecific divergence was highest (14.7%). The ATP8 gene evolved more rapidly than did the COI gene if genetic divergence between individuals was sufficiently large, whereas it evolved more slowly than did COI if genetic divergence was less than a threshold (1% in COI distance). As a result, species with intraspecific variation in COI and ATP6 exhibited no genetic variation in ATP8. The pattern of genetic divergence in ATP8 well accorded with the pattern of species delimitation in the present taxonomic system. Thus, we conclude that the use of the ATP8 gene in DNA barcoding could improve the accuracy of species identification in the Eriosomatini and possibly other insect groups.