이 연구는 우리나라 교정시설 소장의 바람직한 리더십과 기관장으로서 소장이 갖추어야 할 핵심 역량을 제시하고자 수행되었다. 2000년대 이후 교정행정을 둘러싼 많은 변화와 함께 소장의 리더십도 변화의 필요성이 제기되어 왔으나 이에 대한 연구나 대중의 관심은 거의 없었다. 소장은 교정시설을 운영함에 있어 다양한 범위의 업무를 수행하고 있으므로 기관의 리더의 역량이 교정행정의 목표를 달성하는데 있어 큰 역할을 한다. 하지만 현재까지 교정행정에 있어서 연구의 중심은 수용자 교정교화 및 사회복귀를 위한 프로그램의 효과성 및 수용관리 측면에 집중되어 왔다. 수용관리를 책임지는 교정시설의 소장은 교정시설과 직원, 수용자를 통제하고 영향력을 발휘하는 권위적인 인물로 인식되어 왔다. 지금까지 교정행정에서 대부분의 소장은 그동안의 근무경험에서 얻은 폭넓은 지식과 다양한 경험을 통해 기관이 직면하는 다양한 이슈들에 대한 답과 방향을 제시하는 거래적 리더십의 특성을 보이는 것이 일반적이었다. 이러한 거래적 리더십은 상대적으로 안정적이었던 과거 교정행정 환경에서는 효과적이었으나, 최근 교정행정은 과거의 경험에 의존해서는 해결할 수 없는 새로운 문제들이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 이제는 교정시설 소장들의 리더십도 기존의 거래적 리더십에서 경험에 의존하기 보다는 원칙에 기초하여 문제를 처리하고 동기부여를 통해 공동의 역량으로 해결책을 찾아나가는 변혁적 리더십으로의 방향 선회가 필요하다. 향후 소장이 교정시설의 리더로서 기획, 인사관리, 지시, 통제와 관련한 역량을 개발할 수 있도록 장기적 관점에서의 지원이 필요하며, 교정시설 소장의 리더십 향상을 위해서는 소장 리더십의 중요성에 대한 인식 개선, 리더십 관련 교육훈련 체계 확충, 효과적인 소장의 리더십에 대한 가이드 라인 확립 등이 무엇보다도 필요하다.

This project aims at suggesting the direction of school leadership in relation to education management through conducting a case study of Indonesia. For a long time, Indonesia has focused on a centralistic education management, Thus, every school principal had limited authority in policy making and in running the school management functions being constrained by these particular guides and other government rules. In 2000, in implementing the Law number 2211999 on Regional Autonomy, Indonesia was able to advance the decentralization of the education management system. Every autonomous region (in this case district or kota/mayoral) has greater authority to run its education management functions in its own region, especially those at the primary and secondary levels of education. This has affected the need to reform education and school management in regard to making it more effective and more efficient by applying the principles of accountability and transparency. In the future, school management will apply a school-base management approach. Its application needs to be supported by the application of ICT

Today, the world is marked by confusion and conflicts caused by a lack of leadership. The advance in science and civilization did not bring about a united and harmonious community. Rather, it the opposite phenomena is on the in crease . ln short, excessive materi ali stic affluence has made the soul of mankind desolate. Furthermore, many more people suffer from poverty and the feeling of alienation. The resulting sense of mutual distrust, accentuated by the feeling of comparative deprivation, and the generation gap has led to a state of conflict and confrontation. Thjs state is marked by a tendency towards globalization which is ruled by the logic of power and economics. This in tum has brought about the opposing trend towards regional bloc based on cultural homogeneity. The current general state of affairs calls for a leader capable of providing the necessary leadership to solve the global crisis and confusion and mediate conflicts and reestablish order The current world leadership is lacking in piety and moderation which led them to fa Jl as slaves towards power and materialism. They display clear signs of moral f1aws as they foster distrust among the people, making them move about in confusion amidst the insecure and uneasy world. The res ult of this is a strong distrust towards the current leadership. Thus, the leadership capable of solving these problems must not only be able to realize harmony and unity but must be based on the fundamentally alσuistic， cornmunal and ever-σustful faith of Christian spiri t. The answer, then , lies in the scriptural leadership based on Christian faith. The Scripture teaches us the meaning of true leadership through the image of self-sacrifice. What enables the leader to overcome self-love and see things in an objective way, gives him the ability to control himself, work for the kingdom of God, seek after the spirit of love and unity and overcome all obstacles is the leadership deriving from mission spirit. Historically, young Christians have taken a leading role in this matter. In particular, during the eighteenth century which is marked by confusion, fear and conflicts, young Christians such as Wesley and Whitfield had attempted to solve the many social, political, and economical problems through the practice of spiritual and religious movements such as spiritual revival movements and student mission movements. The reason they were successful was because the young Christians were visionaries armed with open-mindedness and adaptability. The young Christian mission leadership burns with a sense of altruistic purpose and they are filled with a vision, constantly examines themselves and praying for guidance in order to stay true to God’s purpose. As long as they accentuate the vision received from God, grow into leaders deserving of trust and responsibility, maintain the healthY and balanced development of body and spirit, train in the di scipleship, and add hurnility to these, then, they can acquire σue leadership qualities as light and salt to the world. The leadership crisis of the world can be overcome by young Christian mission leadership characterized by its oneness, unity and harrnony, mutual love, efforts to reduce division and conflict, trust and responsibility. The cause of leadership void in the wor1d is selfcenteredness that inhibits efforts to overcome oneself. There can be no alternative world leadership save by following the teachings of Jesus who died for others and taught others to do likewise. Through such leadership, we can overcome unreasonable and conflicting state of affairs and work towards changing the world ruled not by the will of people but where God’s righteousness flows like a river.