Wild peanut species have proven to be an important germplasm resource. The objective of this study was to characterize interspecific crossability among 3 cultivars and 5 wild species of the peanut. Hybrids were acquired from crosses among three cultivars and five wild diploid species, respectively. A. sylvestirs A. Chev. evidenced the highest degree of crossability among the three cultivars. In the Valencia type, the combination of A. hypogaea L. cv. IT187846 and A. sylvestirs A. Chev. formed 32.7% pegs. Pods were developed in 98.8%, and seeds were produced at a rate of 49.4%, a higher percentage than was observed with the Virginia or Spanish types. Peg formation from pollinated flowers was increased by 18.4∼62.1% via the application of GA3, as opposed to the 26.3∼34.7% control value. The combination of A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang and A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Gregory resulted in 93.9% peg formation. Seeds set in 24.2∼26.9% from the pegs, representing a 4.2∼16.3% increase over the 10.8∼24.3% control values. As the result of GA3 treatment of flowers after pollination, the peg emergence ratio increased significantly, but seed formation increased only by a small amount. The pods of the interspecific hybrid were smaller than those of A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang, and a portion of the pod had immature seeds or abnormal seeds. Via PCR-RAPD method, we were able to determine that the exotic DNA had been integrated from A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Gregory to A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang.

The genus Arachis L. is distributed widely throughout South America. This genus encompasses 80 described species, and 31 species belong to section Arachis, which is divided into diploid and tetraploid species. The objective of this study was to determine the morphological characteristics and genetic relationships among A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang and thirteen germplasms, using RAPD techniques. Peanut plants were cultivated in pots (1.2×0.8 m2) with clay loam in a glass-covered greenhouse and genetic relationship was identified by DNA polymorphisms using PCR. Thirteen germplasms bloomed between June 18th and June 25th, the majority of which bloomed 3∼10 days later than Daekwang (June 15th). The leaf size of A. batizocoi Krapov. & W. C. Gregory was similar to that of Daekwang, three germplasms, A. monticola Krapov. & Rig., A. paraguariensis Chodat & Hassler, and A. dardani Krapov. & W. C. Gregory, were bigger than Daekwang, but the others were smaller. Twelve germplasms evidenced peduncle longer than those of A. hypogaea L. cv. Daekwang. All of the seeds of the germplasms were smaller than those of Daekwang (76.2 g), and the weight of 100 mature seeds ranged from 6.0∼36.1 g in sections Arachis, Erectoides, Procumbentes, and Heteranthaes. The genetic relationship distance was determined among Daekwang, A. sylvestris, A. monticola, and A. batizocoi.