In order to monitor the contamination of groundwater due to unplanned release of radioactive materials and the spread to off-site environments, the nuclear power plants (NPPs) conduct groundwater monitoring program (GWMP) in Korea. The GWMP should be established based on the groundwater flow model reflecting the conceptual site model (CSM) of the NPP’s site. In this study, in order to optimize the GWMP, the existing CSM and the groundwater flow model of the domestic NPPs site was updated by reflecting the latest groundwater level. As part of the CSM improvement, the hydrogeological units were subdivided more detailed from three to six through the review of hydrogeological characteristics of the NPPs site. In addition, major variables that affect groundwater flow, such as water conductivity, have been updated. The groundwater flow model was revised overall as the CSM was improved. In particular, the excavation depth of the structure and backfill area generated during the construction stage of the NPP structures was accurately reflected, and the drainage boundary conditions were realistically reflected. To verify the revised groundwater flow model, steady-state correction was performed using the groundwater level measured in April, 2021. As a results of the steady-state correction, the standard error of estimate, root mean square (RMS), normalized RMS, and the correlation coefficient were 0.32 m, 1.692 m, 5.608%, and 0.964, respectively. This means that the groundwater flow model is reasonably constructed. The CSM and groundwater flow model improved in this study will be used to optimize the monitoring location of groundwater in NPPs.

We used numerical models to reliably analyze the groundwater flow and hydraulic conductivity on Jeju Island. To increase reliability, improvements were made to model application factors such as hydraulic watershed classification, groundwater recharge calculation by precipitation, hydraulic conduction calculation using the pilot point method, and expansion of the observed groundwater level. Analysis of groundwater flow showed that the model-calculated water level was similar to the observed value. However, the Seogwi and West Jeju watersheds showed large differences in groundwater level. These areas need to be analyzed by segmenting the distribution of the hydraulic conductivity. Analyzing the groundwater flow in a sub watershed showed that groundwater flow was similar to values from equipotential lines; therefore, the reliability of the analysis results could be improved. Estimation of hydraulic conductivity distribution according to the results of the groundwater flow simulation for all areas of Jeju Island showed hydraulic conductivity > 100 m/d in the coastal area and 1 45 m/d in the upstream area. Notably, hydraulic conductivity was 500 m/d or above in the lowlands of the eastern area, and it was relatively high in some northern and southern areas. Such characteristics were found to be related to distribution of the equipotential lines and type of groundwater occurrence.

Groundwater level hydrographs from observation wells in Jeju island clearly illustrate distinctive features of recharge showing the time-delaying and dispersive process, mainly affected by the thickness and hydrogeologic properties of the unsaturated zone. Most groundwater flow models have limitations on delineating temporal variation of recharge, although it is a major component of the groundwater flow system. Recently, a convolution model was suggested as a mathematical technique to generate time series of recharge that incorporated the time-delaying and dispersive process. A groundwater flow model was developed to simulate transient groundwater level fluctuations in Pyoseon area of Jeju island. The model used the convolution technique to simulate temporal variations of groundwater levels. By making a series of trial-and-error adjustments, transient model calibration was conducted for various input parameters of both the groundwater flow model and the convolution model. The calibrated model could simulate water level fluctuations closely coinciding with measurements from 8 observation wells in the model area. Consequently, it is expected that, in transient groundwater flow models, the convolution technique can be effectively used to generate a time series of recharge.

LPG등 고압가스를 지하에 저장하는 저장공동의 효과적인 관리를 위해서는 지하수위, 가스저장압, 수막공 주입압 등에 따른 공동주변의 유동장 해석, 공동내로의 지하수 유입량 해석을 실시해야 한다. 기존에는 공동의 정확한 형상을 반영하기 위해서 유한요소법이 보편적으로 사용되어 왔으나 한번 설정한 유한요소망으로부터 공동의 설계요소를 변경하는 작업은 수월하지 않아 설계전단계에서 공동 및 수막시설의 다양한 배치에 따른 모의를 수행하는데는 다소 무리가 있다. 이러한

관측한 유역특성 자료와 지하수 유동 매개변수 값을 변화시키면서 MODFLOW 모형으로 시뮬레이션 한 결과를 비교ㆍ분석하였으며, 민감도 분석을 통하여 매개변수들의 상대적인 중요성을 파악하였다. 투수계수, 비산출율, 비저류계수, 대수층 두께 및 양수정 위치 등의 다양한 매개변수들에 대한 지속가능개발량 반응을 분석하였다. 매개변수에 대한 민감도 분석 결과, 하천에서 지하수체로 유입하는 량과 저류량은 비산출율과 대수층 두께에 민감하였으며, 지속가능개발량은 투수

The applied model for this study area is WINFLOW using finite element method, It is thought that the simulation result by WINFLOW model under the steady flow state reflects well the ground water distribution within the reliability level which shows the error range of 1.1% to 8.0% from the comparison between the computed values and the observed, and analyzed that the constant head distribution is shown along the east-west direction and gentle and stable head gradient along the north-south direction. Ground water of the study area shows stable movement from the south to the stream area, and the particle trace for each location shows relatively linear shape from the upstream to the pumping location while the radius of influence according to the pumping amount shows a significant difference at the down stream area from the pumping location. The simultaneous pumping from P and P1 shows more complicated appearance, not the increase of the radius of influence than pumping from a single well P or P1, and it is analyzed that the particle path takes nearly linear form. It is known that the flow direction of the ground water and the velocity of the flow affect on the magnitude of the radius of influence of the wells from the fact that the more decreasing pattern of the ground water head is observed at the side of the well and the down stream area than the upstream area when the ground water moves from south to north regarding the radius of influence according to the pumping amount. Satisfactory results in analyses of ground water movement are obtained through the significant reduction of the physical uncertainties in the flow system as well as the relatively convenient model application using WINFLOW model which is proposed in this study.

밀도가 변하는 지하수의 흐름과 용질의 수송 현상을 정확히 모델링할 수 있는 수치모델을 개발하였다. 수치모델의 정확도는 이송이 지배적인 경우에 발생하는 수치진동을 피할 수 있어야 얻을 수 있다. 이를 위하여 변분법에 기초한 비선형 수치진동흡수 유한요소법을 적용하였다. 개발된 수치모델은 기존 수치모델들과 달리 확장성이 뛰어나다. 본 수치모델의 정확도를 해석해와 다른 수치모델 결과와 비교하여 평가하였다.

본 연구는 지하심부에 유류를 저장할 때 널리 이용되는 수막시설의 설치에 따른 공동주변의 흐름해석을 모의하기 위한 유한요소모형의 확립에 관한 것이다. 최종 행렬방정식의 대칭형 전체전도행렬을 풀기위해 벡터저장방식의 Choleski법을 이용하였으며, 전기상사법의 결과와 비교하여 모형을 검증하였다. 모형을 실제 비축기지에 적용하였으며, 대표적인 횡단면에 대해 요소망을 구성하여 공동내부의 압력과 수평수막설치에 따른 포텐션과 유속의 변화 등을 비교하고, 종단면에