This study empirically analyzes the effect of IT SME ventures’ external information network diversity on their production period reduction and productivity improvement generated from technology development. This research constructs a mediating model based on the open innovation perspective and tests it with the 138 samples of South Korean IT SME ventures based on the ordinary least squares regression. This research is expected to make a good contribution by shedding a new light on the following three points about the critical role of IT SME ventures’ external information network diversity in increasing their production period reduction and productivity improvement generated from technology development which has scarcely been illuminated in the extant studies in the field of the management of technology for SMEs. First, IT SME ventures’ external information network diversity positively influences their production period reduction. Second, the external information network diversity positively influences IT SMEs’ ventures’ productivity improvement. Third, IT SME ventures’ production period reduction partially mediates the influence of IT SME ventures’ external network diversity on their productivity improvement. These three fresh points are expected to provide useful theoretical and practical implications. Related to the theoretical implication, this research provides a fresh implication that IT SME ventures’ external information network diversity positively influences not only their production period reduction but also productivity improvement generated from technology development. Concerning the practical implication, this study suggests that the CEOs in IT SME ventures make strategic efforts to use more diverse external information sources in order to increase their production period reduction and productivity improvement generated from technology development.

All machines and systems in a firm should be managed for optimizing its productivity. Actually, however, it is hard to manage the machines of a firm in collective methods because the company making each machine varies and the way maintaining each machine is various. As a machine Is out of order, the machine is fixed by the repair person from the company making the machine. Every time comes repair person to fix a machine firm having the machine would experience time loss and cost loss. Therefore, a firm needs to manage blueprint of their machine to reduce loss in time and cost and to maintain their facilities in TPM(Total Productive Management) to make operators manage directly. In this study, we suggest the method to manage a blueprint of a machine with TPM.

In general one can find an enormous number of studies about the productivity of land, labor and capital, very little has been done so far to communicate about the productivity of corporate information creating and information-consuming resources in ways that are useful to business executives. In view of the enormous share of corporate spending on information resources it would be useful in planning, budgeting, as well as in performance evaluation to measure how information resources are used in creating EVA(economic value-added). The effectiveness in deploying information resources has potentially a greater effect on corporate financial performance than any other economic influence. That in because corporate executives have greater discretion in directing what their information management staffs will do than in setting the terms for materials purchases, employee compensation, taxes or interest rates. The expenses for information are mostly in the form of overhead costs. Because expenses for information are mostly overhead costs and not for costs of goods, the prudent decision-maker should have a wide array of discretionary options available for allocating this resource. This study is intended for analysis the factors that having effects on the enterprise information productivity and is to description the factor using a foreign enterprise case study.

Nitrogen is a key component in the growth of crop plant. To increase the yield of crops, an enormous amount of nitrogen fertilizer is currently being used, which increases the total production cost and leads to environmental pollution by the residual nitrogen sources. For these reasons, researchers have tried to improve the crop’s nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) as a solution for reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used. MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs regulating the expression of target genes. Recent studies suggested that the expression pool of microRNAs changes in response to a variety of nutrient deficiencies and that such changes play important roles in adapting to or resisting the consequential nutritional stresses. Here, we aim to identify and characterize rice microRNAs whose expression changes upon nitrogen starvation and re-supplementation. By applying RNA-Seq, we observed that the expression of a set of genes involved in nitrogen assimilation was altered in response to nitrogen deprivation. We also found that a considerable number of microRNAs exhibited dynamic expression changes in a nitrogen supply state-dependent manner and that the expression of genes targeted by those differentially regulated microRNAs was altered reciprocally. Our study suggests that microRNAs may have roles in regulating the response of rice to nitrogen supply state and subsequently modulating NUE.