This study aimed to collect foundational data essential for devising a natural environment conservation plan and implementing relevant policies. It underscores the significance of understanding the current state of the natural environment. Our research concentrated on surveying the biodiversity and distribution of key natural habitats within Busan Metropolitan City, with the goal of gathering crucial data to guide the development of conservation and management strategies. The focus of our investigation was on the insect populations in Ilgwang, covering two primary habitats: mountains and wetlands. The survey, conducted from July to September 2023, utilized various collection methods, including pitfall traps, fly traps, sweeping nets, and aspirators. Our findings documented the presence of 109 species across 88 genera, 50 families, and 9 orders. Specifically, the study identified two species from the order Odonata, two from Blattodea, one from Mantodea, six from Orthoptera, eleven from Hemiptera, twenty-nine from Coleoptera, twelve from Diptera, ten from Lepidoptera, and thirty-five from Hymenoptera. Through community analysis, biodiversity indices were calculated, revealing a Shannon-Wiener index (H') of 4.07 for mountain habitats and 3.92 for wetlands. The Margalef richness index (R) displayed values of 13.92 for mountains and 14.78 for wetlands, while the Pielou evenness index indicated values of 0.96 and 0.91, respectively. Among the identified species, one was classified as endangered, and thirteen were designated as of Least Concern, according to legal protection statuses.

본 연구는 산림, 하천, 자연 녹지 등 자연생태환경과 격리된 도심 속의 생태적 패치를 분석하고 이해하여 생태적 가치가 높은 생태 환경을 조성하는 방안을 모색해 보고자 실시하였다. 분석 대상지역은 도심 속의 생태적 패치로 다양한 입지 조건으로 조성되어 활용되고 있는 국립과천과학관(경기도 과천시 상하벌로 110일원) 일대를 중심으로 선정하였다. 생태적 패치(patch) 입지별 4개의 구역으로 구분하였고 각 조사 구역 별 결과에서 곤충상은 Ⅰ구역에서 61과 135종, Ⅱ구역에서 31과 46종, Ⅲ구역에서 31과 42종, Ⅳ구역에서 13과 14종 등으로 구분되었다. 전체 조사구역의 군집 분석 결과, 다양성 지수 4.30, 종풍부도 22.74, 균등도 0.84 등으로 구분되었다. 조사 결과, 수환경과 키 작은 수목을 중심으로 하고 경작 및 원예가 재배되는 Ⅰ구역에서 종 조성이 다양하게 분포하였고 소규모 생태적패치를 조성할 경우 수환경과 원예화원, 소규모 경작지 등이 분포할때 종 다양성이 높고 생태적으로 안정된 양상이 될 것으로 기대된다.

Bethylidae is the largest family of Chrysidoidea (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) and distributed widely from the tropics to the subarctic regions around the world. Most members of the family are relatively small, and are generally known as ectoparasitoids of immature stages of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera. Some species have been used and studied as natural enemies of various insect pests in some countries. Even though the family Bethylidae is important group as natural enemies in the agricultural and forestry fields, fundamental researches on this group such as a faunal study have not carried out and poorly known in Korea. Since 2005, we have carried out the faunal investigation of Korean Bethylidae and more than 1,600 specimens were collected by 2010, with some of their host insects. As results of present study, fifty two species belongs to sixteen genera of Bethylidae are recognized in Korea, including seven previously recorded species as of 2006. We will introduce on the biodiversity of Korean Bethylidae and its applied aspects as potential biocontrol agents against various insect pests with cases of their usages.

The Northeast of China, which covers an area of 124'1400 km2, comprises HeiLongjiang, JiLin, LiaoNing province, and northeast of inner Mongolian. The annual mean temperature is 5 centigrade below zero in the north, and 10 centigrade above zero in the south. The annual precipitation range from 300 mm to 1200 mm. Moreover, northeast China is an important forest area in China, and hundreds of forest disease and pests occurred every year. Among these pests, the Lepidoptera account for a big part, accordingly, the research on diversity of Lepidoptera is the basis of taxonomy and pests control. According to 「List of Chinese Insects」(Hua, 2005), there are about 20,692 species in China, and 2,934 in Northeast China, for instance, Noctuidae 1,400 spp. (Hua, 2005), Notodontidae 128 spp. (Hua, 2005), Tortricidae 267 spp. (Hua, 2005), Pyralidae 146 spp. (Hua, 2005), Geometridae 233 spp. (Zheng, 1999), Hesperiidae 54 spp. (Zhou, 2000), Parnassiidae 32 spp. (Zhou, 2000), Papilionidae 26 spp. (Zhou, 2000), Pieridae 59 spp. (Wang, 1998), Nymphalidae 188 spp. (Zhou, 2000), Lycaenidae 150 spp., etc. (Wang, 2002).

2007년 11월부터 2008년 10월까지 경상북도 청도군 운문면과 경남 밀양시 산내면 경계에 있는 운문산의 육상곤충류의 생태 조사의 결과 총 14목 151과 610속 756종이 채집되었다. U1에서 U4에 이르는 조사 지점에서 출현 분류군별 점유율은 나비목, 딱정벌레목, 벌목의 순으로 높은 수준을 보였다. 나비목이 252종으로 33.3%의 점유율을 보여 우점하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 딱정벌레목이 182종으로 24.1%의 점유율을 보여 아우점하는 것으로 나타났다. 환경부 지정 멸종위기 야생동물 II급 (곤충류) 목록에 포함되어 있는 쌍꼬리부전나비(Spindasis takanonis (Matsumura))와 희귀종인 애반딧불이(Luciola lateralis Motschulsky)의 서식이 확인되었다.