Ma Xulun thinks that he has presented new explanation on theother five scripts except pictograph. Aiming at framing the shapes ofobjects vividly, he holds a belief that the strokes of a character shouldbe changed, no matter straight or curved, according to the object itrepresents. Ma Xulun how to interpret the pictograph theory in accordance with this conviction? Firstly, pictograph characters are all pure single characters rather than compound ones. Secondly, the so-called “category pictograph” is namely to sketch shapes of objects according to their own categories. Pictograph characters are based on the shapes of practical objects, so fiction is forbidden. Thirdly, the original pictograph should be constructed as the way a picture drawn. Fourthly, pictographs, ideograms and radical-radical compounds are three different ways of creating characters, but the latter pair can also be called pictographs. Examining the pictograph theory of Ma Xulun and the specific illustrations he has cited, it is not hard for us to find that he has made a development in this field on the shoulders of predecessors.