The aphid genus Micromyzodium David, 1958 is newly recognized in the Korean peninsula. This genus is characterized by very long dorsal abdominal hairs, almost 3-4 times as long as basal diameter of antennal segment III. Colonies of two Micromyzodium species; Micromyzodium kuwakuse Uye 1924 and Micromyzodium nipponicum Moritsu 1949 were collected on Fatoua villosa Nakai (Urticales: Moraceae) and Perilla frutescens Britton (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), respectively. In this study, we redescribed, illustrated, and measured for apterous viviparous females of the two species.

Macrosiphini is the most largest group in aphids, comprising near half of the described aphid species. The existence of Macrosiphini could be related to host alternation and various life cycle. Since the phylogenetic relationship of the tribe Macrosiphini has been still controversial, we analyzed Bayesian phylogeny (BP) and Maximum-likelihood (ML) based on molecular data (cytochrome oxidase I, tRNA-leucine+cytochrome oxidase II, 16S ribosomal RNA and elongation factor-1 alpha gene), and compared with the Shaposhnikov (1998) 's subtribal division: Macrosiphina, Myzian, Anuraphidina and Liosomatinae. Analyses for host range association with the morphological characters (e.g. Siphunculus and antennal tubercle on head) correspond to the tendency of host range radiation in the tribe Macrosiphini.

We performed molecular and morphological analyses to determine generic limit of the genus Aulacorthum including several species with controversial taxonomic histories. The sequences of four mitochondrial genes, COI, COII, srRNA and lrRNA, and one nuclear gene, EF1a, implied that Aulacorthum is not monophyletic, with Aulacorthum magnoliae and Aulacorthum nipponicum forming a clade that is not sister to other currently recognized Aulacorthum species. Morphometric analysis based on 20 morphological characters also showed that A. magnoliae and A.nipponicum exhibited morphological characteristics distinct from congeneric species. Based these results, we propose a new genus, Neoaulacorthum ge. n. for A.magnoliae and A.nipponicum.