이 논문은 우유자조금 지출의 경제적 효과를 계측한 것이다. 특히, 자조금 지출에 따른 광고효과로 백색시유에 대한 수요증가와 그에 따른 백색시유 판매수입 증가에 국한하여 그 효과를 추정하였다. 다섯 가지 형태의 백색시유 수요함수 추정을 통해 백색시유에 대한 자조금탄성치를 추정하고 이를 통해 자조금 1원당 경제적 효과를 계측하였다. 추정결과, 우유자조금 1원당 경제적 효과는 단기(1달)에서 3.8원~5.1원의 경제적 효과가 있고, 다항시차모형(PDL model)을 적용하여 장기 누적효과(1년)를 계측한 결과 자조금 1원당 8.8원~10.5원의 경제적 효과가 있는 것으로 계측되었다.

A mutation of UNCL, an inner nuclear membrane RNAbinding protein, has been found to eliminate mechanotransduction in Drosophila. UNCL is expressed in human periodontal tissue including in periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts. However, it is unclear how a mechanical stimulus is translated into cellular responses in PDL fibroblasts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of UNCl on mechanical stress related genes in PDL fibroblasts in response to mechanical stress. The mRNA of TGF-β, COX-2, and MMP-2 was up-regulated after UNCL inactivation in PDL fibroblasts under the compression force. Under the tensile force, inactivation of UNCL decreased the expression of Biglycan, RANKL, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 mRNAs while it increased the expression of TIMP-1. p38-MAPK was expressed in PDL fibroblasts under compression forces whereas phospho-ERK1/2, p65-NFkB, and c-fos were expressed under tension forces. The expression and phosphorylation of the mechanical stress related genes, kinases, and transcription factors were changed according to the types of stress. Furthermore, most of them were regulated by the inactivation of UNCL. This suggests that UNCL is involved in the regulation of mechanical stress related genes through the signaling pathway in PDL fibroblasts.