본 논문은 수정 종교사무조례 가 시진핑정부의 종교정책을 반영하고 있다는 전제하에, 신 설된 조항을 중심으로 법치화가 강화된 부분을 살펴보고, 그것이 함의하는 바를 분석하였다. 수정조례에 신설된 조항을 보면, 수정조례는 다음의 세 가지 특징이 두드러진다. 첫째, 법치 를 통한 보장이고, 둘째는 법치를 통한 통제이며, 셋째는 법치영역의 확대이다. 중국정부는 종교조례에 신설된 조항을 통해 자신들의 가이드라인에 따르는 종교단체의 권익은 보호해주 지만, 그들이 설정한 합법의 선 바깥에 위치한 자들은 엄격히 통제하겠다는 의지를 보여주고 있다. 엄밀히 말하면 수정조례는 종교계에 혜택보다는 통제가 더 많은 비중을 차지한다. 하지 만 그럼에도 불구하고 우리가 주목해야 하는 이유는 중국의 종교정책이 더 이상 소극적 관리 가 아닌, 중국특색사회주의 종교이론에 부합하도록 적극 관리하겠다는, 종교정책의 패러다임 의 전환을 의미하기 때문이다.

In its Annual Reporton Religious Freedom, U.S. Department of State labeled North Korea -along with China, Myanmar, Laos, and Vietnamas‘ Countries of Particular Concern’ that do not have freedom of religion. In order to become a part of the globalization world, North Korea should change its religion policy to ensure the freedom of religion for its people. A country that guarantees freedom of religion would never force its people to believe or not to believe in a certain religion. In order for North Korea further strengthen its collaboration with other nations around the world, freedom of conscience and religion should be guaranteed as the basic rights for its citizens. For successful reunification of North Korea and South Korea to be attained, internal unification should happen first before any legal or systemic unification. In order for internal unity to be fulfilled, collaborative integration of North and South should be achieved in every area of society including politics, economics, and culture. Most importantly, unification of religion can play a critical role in restoring true unity of North and South through reconciliation and forgiveness. Until now, North Korea established religious groups and institutions and partially allowed religious activities with the political intention to advertise itself as a nation with religious freedom. Until 1988, North Korea’s religion policy was hostile and persecutory in character. However, since 1988, North Korea gradually moved into a more positive direction that was manifested in changing laws on religion and definition of religious vocabularies in encyclopedias. Furthermore, by attempting to integrate the juche ideology and religion, North Korea intended to take steps necessary to guarantee individual’s religious freedom. Instead of being forced by external pressure, now is time for North Korea to walk side by side with other nations by independently pursuing religious freedom. North Korea should abandon their misconception of Christianity as anticommunism and antigovernment system. From the past exchange between South and North Korea and the humanitarian aids by Christian organizations, North Korea has to recognize that Christianity is the most genuine supporter of North Korea. Instead of labeling religion as a threat of a regime collapse or a leadership change, North Korea has to utilize religion as a tool to connect the people and the government. Furthermore, churches in South Korea have to acknowledge North Korean church as a church existing in a unique culture and environment. Churches in South Korea have to play an important role as a mediator between North and South Korea so that the two nations can be in good terms with one another and that the freedom of religion will be guaranteed in North Korea.