본 연구는 무등산국립공원의 해발고도별 사면 방향과 지형에 따른 식생 특성의 차이를 밝히고자 수행되었다. 조사구 는 총 112개 조사구를 설치하였으며, 남사면과 북사면의 계곡 군락과 능선 군락을 해발고도에 따라 각각 7개 군락으로 구분하였다. 남사면과 북사면의 계곡 군락과 능선 군락은 모두 해발고도가 상승함에 따라 평균 수고, 평균 흉고직경, 평균 생장량이 감소하였다. 유사도지수는 해발고도가 인접한 군락이 해발고도의 차이가 큰 군락보다 높게 나타났다. 종다양도의 경우 사면 방향 기준 해발고도가 상승함에 따라 종다양도가 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 지형 기준 계곡 군락이 능선 군락에 비해 낮은 종다양도를 나타냈다. 군락별 평균 출현 종수는 사면 방향 및 지형에 관계 없이 해발고도 가 낮은 군락이 해발고도가 높은 군락보다 높게 나타났다. 현재 무등산국립공원은 해발고도별 사면 방향과 지형에 따른 환경적 영향으로 우점종의 차이는 있으나 대부분의 군락에서 졸참나무, 굴참나무, 신갈나무 등의 낙엽성 참나무류 가 우점하고 있고, 군락 내에서 우점종이 차지하는 비율이 높아 현재의 상태가 당분간 유지될 것으로 판단된다.

In order to easily and rapidly establish low-cost grazing grasslands using centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack.) (CG) on abandoned cultivated land, the influences of slope direction and angle on the covering speed of CG were investigated. We established 61 quadrats at varying slope directions and angles, and the planting of CG was performed in 2003. The covering speed of CG was investigated from 2003 to 2008, and the years of point of inflection (YPI) was calculated. The most rapid YPI was 1.0-1.5 years in the quadrats in the S5°W direction with 0 degree slopes, while the slowest YPI was 3.0-3.5 years in the quadrats in the northern direction with 10-20 degree slopes. Therefore, grassland renovation using low quantities of CG seeds, which are sold at a high price in Japan, is favorable on land in the southern direction and with a lower slope.

This study surveyed Abies koreana to identify the correlation between its vegetation structure according to its slope direction and seedling establishment in a bid to build basic research data on the changes and conservation of the A. koreana in Hallasan Mountain. The findings of its vegetation structure revealed that in both areas, Importance value was given to the A. koreana for its tree layer, the Taxus cuspidata for its shrub layer, and the Sasa quelpaertensis for its herb layer. However, in the Youngsil area with the tree layer, high importance was given to deciduous broad-leaved trees such as Prunus maximowiczii, Quercus mongolica, and the young species of the A. koreana in the shrub layer that can maintain the A. koreana forest’s greater importance in the Jindallebat than in the Youngsil. Thus, the A. koreana forest in the Jindallebat is believed to lastlonger. The findings of correlation between the quantity of seedlings and their location by area revealed that in each tiny quadrat, the A. koreana seedling averaged 5.3 in the Youngsil and 2.9 in the Jindallebat. Both areas were all found to have a positive correlation in terms of rock exposure ratio and dead tree ratio as well as a negative correlation with regard to the cover degree of S. quelpaertensis, the canopy gap, the total vegetation, and the herb layer. It was found that the cover degree of the herb layer in the Youngsil and the S. quelpaertensis in the Jindallebat had the largest impact on the A. koreana seedlings.