광양만에서 야광충 Noctiluca scintillans의 개체군 동태를 파악하기 위해서 수계지리학적 및 생리생태학적 특성을 2010부터 2012년까지 3년 동안 19 또는 20개 정점에서 조사를 수행하였다. 조사기간 동안 야광충은 하계의 수온범위가 15˚C에서 22˚C로, 염분이 25.0 psu에서 30.0 psu 사이의 환경조건에서 높은 밀도로 출현하였다. 이와 반대로, 그들의 개체군은 동계 4˚C의 낮은 수온 조건에서도 출현하였으나, 동계를 비롯하여 춘계, 추계에는 야광충의 개체수가 현저하게 감소하였다. 특히 27˚C 이상의 높은 수온과 12.0 psu 이하의 낮은 염분조건의 환경에서는 야광충 개체수의 사멸로 이어졌다. 야광충의 먹이원인 Chl.a 농도와는 동계, 춘계, 추계에는 양(+)의 상관관계가 성립되었고, 하계 야광충의 높은 밀도가 관찰되었을 때에는 Chl.a 농도와 음(-)의 상관관계를 보였다. 이는 야광충의 포식압에 의한 영향으로 생각되며, 하계와 같이 야광충의 개체수밀도가 높았을 때에는 식물 플랑크톤(Chl.a)을 현저하게 포식하여 음(-)의 상관성을 나타내었을 것이고, 나머지 계절의 양(+) 상관관계는 야광충의 개체수를 유지하는데 일정량 먹이원이 필요하였다는 것을 의미한다.

A numerical simulation was conducted on perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in the Gwangyang Bay using a multi-box model to estimate the transport of organic chemicals in the coastal environment. The results of the sensitivity analysis on dissolved PFOS and PFOS in Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) indicate that they were most significantly influenced by the adsorption rate, desorption rate, and sinking velocity coefficients. PFOS in phytoplankton was found to be sensitive to bio-concentration and the excretion rate. The results of the mass balance indicate that the standing stocks of PFOS in water, POC, and phytoplankton are 345.55 g, 63.76 g, and 0.11 g, respectively, in the inner part and 149.90 g, 27.51 g, and 0.05 g, respectively, in the outer part. Considering flux in the inner part, adsorption to POC had the highest value among transition paths. The next highest were desorption, outflow to the outer part, and inflow to the inner part. Outflow into the open sea was found to have the highest value for the outer part.

Water pollution in a semi-enclosed sea area such as a bay due to stagnancy of water has been a serious water environmental problem. Recently, some kinds of new methods to activate the tidal exchange between an inner bay and an outer sea area by control of a tidal residual current have been proposed. However, these methods have several problems, that is, I). deterioration in a natural view due to building of huge structures, II). increase of risk of a navigation in case of a submerged structure, III). limition of sea area where a tidal current can be controlled and IV). difficulty in removing those structures incase of occurrence of an unexpected impact on water environment. In this paper, a new method is proposed, which can solve all the above problems, to purify water quality in a semi-enclosed bay by creation and control of a pattern of a tidal residual current. The tidal residual current is controlled by unsymmetric structures, which change the properties of resistance according to the direction of flow, arranged on the sea bottom. In this study, several numerical and hydraulic experiments of tidal current and particle-tracking for various arrangements of bottom roughness in a semi-enclosed model bay were carried out. As a result of experiments, it becomes clear that it is possible to generate a new tidal residual current and to activate a tidal exchange by only operation of bottom roughness arrangement.