The purpose of this study is to approach for the flow analysis of changing central-place functions and basic demands between the central city and the small town. Under the rural society progressed, this study examines how the small town changes in the relation to the central city. The subject of study is based on changes in demand for retail and hospitality. The small town is providing basic demands and urban services primary for the rural in the settlement system. Because of the rural depopulation and the aging of society, Retail and hospitality in the rural is reducing of the facility followed. But the majority of related researches are stocks approach. These studies are useful to find out the characteristic of small town, but is difficult to consider the influence of the central city. In this situation after this study using the function index is set up a concept model, it examines for the basis of changes in demand for the small town. The result of the analysis is that the changes of retail and hospitality are more severe in the more small town than in the central city. Whereas the small town with a population decline is consistent with the reduced number of branches, Population growth in the central city is reduced to the number of the Number of branches. The central-place function has been strengthened in the central city. While the younger generation, recreation, etc. related retail are disappearing rapidly, the mainstream of small town is grocery, home improvement, restaurants.

With the establishment of municipalities, public interest in small towns in Korea has been on the rise. To initiate an effective study and suggest subsequent policies for small towns, it is necessary to analyze and discuss substantive issues based on specific conditions of these small towns. The primary objective of this paper is to categorize small towns into types and to analyze the peculiarities and differences of their internal factors. The focus of this research is to determine the general characteristics of the classified towns and to suggest specific revitalization and specialized studies about them. In the main analysis of this paper, 39 small towns are divided into sets according to urban rank, conditions of location, and size of the population in the central site. Furthermore, distinctions of the divided towns are analyzed using three constituents for urban organization, including populations, activities, and facilities/land. From the research results, it was determined that there is a difference between small town types, according to population, land cost, and urban activities, based upon the urban rank and size of the population in the central site. Therefore, this paper concludes it is necessary to conduct further studies on time series analysis regarding the peculiarity changes of the types, and to complement the variables for future related studies.

This paper is to describe the characteristics of the Small Towns development in Rural China. The policies to develop Small Towns have been induced for solving the problem raised during the rural reform. The changes and adaptations of rural reform processes are integrated in Small Towns. The characteristics in the process of development of Ronggang, a small town, are as follows. First, it was the fund raised by rural inhabitants that was used for construction and development of the small town, Second, by implementing the policies of selective migration, the inhabitants of the small town have been differentiated from those of rural region. Third, the activities of commerce and industry of Ronggang have progressed to joint-stock system. Fourth, Having the spatial characteristics of self- development, the small town has grown and is expected to grow higher hierarchy of settlement system.