The morphological patterns and the cytopathogenicity time of the Vero cells induced by free Cd2+ and pigment-bound Cd2+ were observed by inverted microscope in order to investigate the difference of cadmium toxicity. The Vero cells induced by He

Probiotics, such as Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. are reported to have the multiple potential health benefits including blocking gastroenteric pathogens, reduce gut permeability, enhancing immune response and anti-viral effects. In this study, we explored whether LR211 and BL205, 206 exert on MCP-1 and IL-8 chemokines responses in rotavirus infected vero cells. And we investigated anti-rotaviral activity of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. isolated against rotavirus by plaque assay. As a results, all of them were not toxic to vero cells. Three probiotics, BL205, 206 and LR211, increased release of MCP-1 and IL-8 in Wa rotavirus infected vero cells compared to control. This anti-viral effects of LR211 and BL205, 206 can be explained that they modulate immune response by inducing MCP-1 and IL-8 chemokines.