Bioindication or biomonitoring can be considered a type of applied ecology. Its primary goal is to use organisms living within natural communities to monitor the impact of disturbance and to use this knowledge in the management of the ecological system. An indicator taxon is one that is of narrow amplitude with respect to one or more environmental factors. When the species is present, it indicates the presence of certain environmental parameters. It Introduces the categories of indicators and introduces representative indicator insect species(e.g., butterflies, Carabid species).

The study objectives were to evaluate the aquatic environment of an urban stream using various ecological parameters of biological biomarkers, physical habitat and chemical water quality and to develop a “Multi-metric Eco-Model” (Mm-E Model) for the ecosystem evaluations. The biomarkers of DNA, based on the comet assay approach of single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), were analyzed using the blood samples of Zacco platypus as a target species. The condition factor (CF) as key indicators of the population evaluation indicator was analyzed along with the weight-length relation and individual abnormality. The four metrics of Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI) were added for the evaluations of physical habitat. In addition, the parameters of chemical water quality were used as eutrophic indicators. Our results suggested that attributes of biomarkers and bioindicators in the impacted zone (Iz) had sensitive response largely to the chemical stress (eutrophic indicators) and also partially to physical habitat quality, compared to the those in the control zone. Hereafter, applying Multimetric Eco-Model to stream ecosystem, it will be able to evaluate ecological health state.

농생태계 시설 재배지와 과수원에서 서식하고 있는 지렁이상을 확인하였는데 채집된 지렁이는 시설 재배지에서 3과 5속 11종, 과수원에서 채집된 지렁이는 3과 4속 12종으로 다음과 같다 공통적으로 채집된 종은 Aporrectodea tuberculata, Eisenia fetida, Eisenia andrei, Amynthas hupeiensis, Amynthas heteropodus, Amynthas koreanus, Amynthas agrestis,

Gamasida (Acari, Parasitiformes) is one the most diverse group in mites, and they inhabit in various environments, for example soil, tree canopy, tree trunk, leaves, animal, inter-tidal zone. About 10,000 species have been described in the world, half of them are predatory mites in soil and litter, and they prey on nematodes, small insects and mites. Although many predatory gamasid mites have been recorded from soil and litter in Japan, difference of diversity and difference of species composition of gamasid mites in different soil environments have not surveyed and discussed yet. In the present study, we surveyed soil gamasid mites in urban environment in Sapporo City, Hokkaido, Japan, and compared with gamasid mites in secondary forests (mixed forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest) in and near Sapporo. Our study focused on the following points: 1) difference of diversity in each environment; 2) characteristic taxa in each envrironment; and 3) availability of some taxa as bioindicator to evaluate environment. Number of species and index of diversity were higher in the fauna of secondary forests. Diversity of the families Parasitidae and Laelapidae were higher in urban environment fauna, while diversity of Parholaspidae and Veigaiidae were higher in the forest one. In the forest, mites of the family Zerconidae appeared exclusively, whereas one species of the family Parholaspidae and Parasitidae were dominant in urban mite fauna. Family Zerconidae and some species of Parholaspidae and Parasitidae may be available as bioindicator to evaluate soil environment.