온도와 곤충 발육과의 관계는 생물학에서 오래된 핵심 주제이며, 하한임계온도와 온량상수를 기반으로 한 선형 적산온도 모형은 해충 발생 예측에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 그러나 이러한 모형은 중위 온도범위에서만 유효하며, 저온과 고온의 극단 온도에서는 발육률을 과소 또는 과대평가하 는 한계를 가진다. 이를 보완하기 위해 사인곡선 기반 적산온도 계산법과 수평제거법이 제안되었지만, 일중 최고온도가 최적온도나 상한임계온도 를 초과할 경우 유효온도가 여전히 과대평가된다. 본 리뷰는 하한, 최적, 상한의 세 임계온도를 도입하고, 최적온도에서 수평제거, 상한임계온도에 서 수직제거를 동시에 적용한 새로운 방법인 3임계온도 기반 사인곡선 이중제거법(시간별온도 이중제거법)을 제안하였다. 시간별온도 이중제거법 은 사인함수를 이용한 시간별 온도 추정을 통해 보다 정확한 유효온도 계산이 가능하며, 특히 고온조건에서 과대평가를 효과적으로 줄일 수 있었다. 최적온도와 상한임계온도 사이에서는 일부 오차가 남을 수 있으나, 기존 방식에 비해 실질적인 개선 효과가 있었다. 또한, 상한임계온도의 정의에 대한 혼란을 정리하고, 향후에는 비선형 발육모형을 통한 정밀 예측의 필요성도 제기하였다.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the correlation between obesity, threshold of salty taste, optimal saltiness and blood pressure in middle school students in a fishing village. The subjects were 115 boys and 103 girls in middle school in a fishing village. The BMI index and systolic and diastolic blood pressures of subjects were measured, and the subjects were divided into a normal and obese group according to their BMI. The threshold of salty taste and salt preference for a semisolid dish (steamed egg dish), liquid dish (bean sprout soup), and a solid dish (raw radish salad), were estimated by sensory evaluation. Calorie intake was measured using the weighing plate method. The boys in the obese group showed significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures than those in the normal, but girls did not. Furthermore, calorie intakes of the boys in the obese group were significantly higher than those in the normal group, but this was not shown in girls. On the threshold of salty taste, both boys and girls in the obese group needed higher concentration of salt than those in the normal group. The threshold of salty taste were significantly positively correlated with systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in boys. Regarding the salt preference in the steamed egg dish, bean-sprout soup, and raw radish salad, both boys and girls in the obese group preferred higher concentrations. The higher concentration they preferred, the higher the systolic and diastolic pressures were in boys, but only systolic blood pressure was higher in girls. From these results, it is evident that a nutritional education program is needed in school to help restricting middle school students salt consumption and decreasing obesity to prevent hypertension.

The study investigates the relationship between the inflation rate and economic growth to find out the optimal inflation threshold for economic growth. Therefore, this study applied an ordinary least square model (OLS) and the ordinal regression model, and collected the time-series data from 1996 to 2017 to test the relationship between inflation and economic growth in the short-term and long-term. The sample fits the model and is statistically significant. The study showed that 96.6% of correlation between inflation rate and economic growth are close and 4.5% of optimal inflation threshold is appropriate for economic growth. It finds that the optimal inflation threshold is base to perform economic growth, besides the inflation rate is positively related to economic growth. The results support the monetary policy appropriately. This study identifies issues for Government to consider: have a comprehensive solution among macroeconomic policies, monetary policy, fiscal policy and other policies to control and maintain the inflation and stimulate growth; have appropriate policies to regulate inflation to stimulate economic growth over the long term; set a priority goal for sustainable economic growth; not pursue economic growth by maintaining the inflation rate in the long term, but take appropriate measures to stabilize the inflation at the optimal inflation threshold.