Ameloblastomas are benign odontogenic tumor and the most common neoplasm in jaws and they have locally invasive property and high recurrence rate. Four typical subtypes ameloblastomas are plexiform, follicular, granular cell and acanthomatous type, but their developmental states during tumorigenesis are uncertain. And thus authors studied about developing states of four types of ameloblastomas by immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin 8/18 which was an intermediate filament of epithelial cell origin and for vimentin which was an intermediate filament of mesenchymal cell origin, and then by comparative analyses of the results. Authors selected seven cases for every four types of ameloblastomas, and then performed immunohistochemcial staining for cytkeratin 8/18 and vimentin to all selected specimen by using monoclonal antibodies about cytoleratin 8/18 and vimentin, LSAB(Labelled StreptoAvidin Biotin) reactant and HRP(Horse Radish Peroxidase) system. Labelling indices of cytokeratin 8/18 of plexiform and follicular types of ameloblastomas were significantly high values in the group of ameloblast-like cells and labelling indices of cytokeratin 8/18 of all types of ameloblastoma were high values in the group of transformed cells, but their differences were not significant. Labelling index of vimentin of plexiform ameloblastoma was significantly high value in the group of ameloblast-like cells and others showed comparatively lower values. Labelling index of vimentin of granular cell type of ameloblastoma in the group of transformed cells was significantly high value and others showed comparatively lower values. Consequently the most primitive form of ameloblastoma was plexiform, and more differenciated form was follicular type and granular cell type and acanthomatous type were most differenciated form of ameloblastomas

The objective of this study was to analyzed pattern of proteins expression abnormally in cloned bovine placenta. TIMP-2 protein whose function is related to extracellular matrix degradation and tissue remodeling processes was one of differentially up-regulated proteins in SCNT placenta. And one of down-regulated protein in SCNT placenta was identified as vimentin protein that is presumed to stabilize the architecture of the cytoplasm. The expression patterns of these proteins were validated by Western blotting. To evaluate how regulatory loci of TIMP-2 and vimentin genes was programmed reprogramming in cloned placenta, the status of DNA methylation in the promoter region of TIMP-2 and vimentin genes was analyzed by sodium Bisulfite mapping. The DNA methylation results showed that there was not difference in methylation pattern of TIMP-2 and vimentin loci between cloned and normal placenta. Histone H3 acetylation state of the nucleosome was analyzed in the cloned placental and normal placenta by Western blotting. A small portion of the protein lysates were subjected to Western blotting with the antibodies against anti acetyl-Histone H3. Overall histone H3 acetylation state of SCNT placenta was significantly higher than those of normal placenta cells. It is postulated that cloned placenta at the end of gestation seems to be unusual in function and morphology of placenta via improper expression of TIMP-2 and vimentin by abnormal acetylation states of cloned genome.

Cardiovascular system is the primary organ to develop and reach a functional state, which underscores the essential role of the vasculature in the developing embryo. The vasculature is a highly specialized organ that functions in a number of key physiological works including the carrying of oxygen and nutrients to tissues. It is closely involved in the formation of heart, and hence it is essential for survival during the hatching period. The expression of genes involved during vascular development in the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in the days after hatching is not fully understood. Therefore, we examined the expression patterns of genes activated during the development of flounder. Microscopic observations showed that formation of blood vessels is related to the expression of the vimentin gene. Also, the temporal expression patterns of this vimentin-like gene in the developmental stages and in the normal tissues of olive flounder. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression patterns of vimentin in normal tissues of the olive flounder and during the development of the vascular system in newly hatched olive flounders and HIF-1 plays a vital role in the formation of blood vessels during development. Vimentin expression was strong at the beginning of the development of blood vessels, and was present throughout all developmental stages. Our findings have important implications with respect to the roles of vimentin and HIF-1 in the development and evolution of the first blood vessels in olive flounder. Further studies are required to elucidate the vimentin-mediated hypoxic response signal transduction and to decipher the functional role of vimentin in developmental stages.