DNA-based markers have been used in various fields like molecular biology and crop breeding program. DNA marker is able to be used for protection of genetic resource and quantification of specific cultivar. Eleven DNA markers have been developed for Korean wheat cultivar identification in 2013-2014. 27 of 32 wheat cultivars were distinguished by 11 DNA markers. In this study, we developed four DNA markers, KWSM0012, KWSM0013, KWSM0014 and KWSM0015, derived from SSR and SNP analysis. Consequently, 32 Korean wheat cultivars were identified by 15 DNA markers. We are convinced that these new DNA markers are very useful for wheat varieties DNA fingerprinting and are able to be applied to marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding program in Korea.

캄보디아는 전체 인구의 70%가 농업에 종사하고 있으며, 그 중에서 벼농사는 캄보디아 농업에서 식량과 경제에 매우 중요한 작물이며, 몬순 아시아 기후지역으로 우기(5월 ~ 11월)와 건기(12월 ~ 4월)가 뚜렷하게 구분되어 대부분의 경작지에 벼를 재배할 수밖에 없는 실정이다. 1. 캄보디아의 농지면적은 국토면적의 24%이며, 벼를 재배하는 논 면적은 3,007,545 ha (2012)로 전체 경지면적의 77%정도이다. 2. 캄보디아의 벼재배는 전체 논 면적의 94.6%가 메콩강과 톤레삽 호수 주변의 저지대에 집중적으로 분포되어 있다. 3. 캄보디아는 ha당 벼 생산성은 2001년 2.1톤에서 2012년 3.2톤으로 매년 증가하는 추세이다. 4. 캄보디아의 쌀 산업 발전을 위하여 벼의 품종 및 재배법을 개발하고 특히 건조·저장·가공·유통 등의 수확후 관리를 통한 쌀품질의 고급화를 주요 정책으로 추진하고 있다. 5. 캄보디아 정부의 쌀 산업에 대한 육성정책을 반영하여 우리나라의 지원전략도 이에 초점을 맞추는 것이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

High temperature is one of major environmental stress. Heat tolerance managing is difficult through the phenotypic selection, so marker assistant selection (MAS) using molecular markers like as RAPD, SSR etc. was tried to select useful traits for heat tolerance. Fourteen SSR markers reported by previous research were selected for this research. We tried to evaluate 14 SSR markers for MAS using 31 useful wheat resources including 24 crossing line from Turkey, six Korean wheat cultivars and Chinese spring. The average of the number of alleles and PIC values in this study were 6.14 and 0.64, respectively. Two major clades and four sub clades were grouped by phylogenetic tree using UPGMA. Four Korean wheat cultivars were distinct from other Turkey resources in the phylogenetic dendrogram. From the results, we expected that these markers were able to adapt to screening wheat genotyping for heat tolerance.

Since green revolution in 1970s, representing by the ‘Tongil type’ rice cultivars, rice breeding has greatly contributed to the Korean society in terms of self-sufficiency in staple food-grains and development of agricultural industry. During last three decades, conventional rice breeding has successfully enhanced rice commercial value in Korea through developing elite cultivars related with high quality, resistant or tolerant against biotic or abiotic stresses, special-purpose, direct seedling, super yielding, and functional rice. In the meantime, breeding technologies has been also improved by adopting and putting to practical use of theories and technologies of plant science such as mutation breeding, cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility, anther culture mediated haploid breeding, marker assisted selection, and transformation. Rice breeding, meanwhile, is an endless procedure of creating desirable haplotype expressing improved performances of agronomic traits. Narrow genetic diversity of Korean commercial rice lines have been a major limit factor not only in developing breeding lines having resistance and tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses, but also in expanding genetic availability in terms of widening end-use properties. Although introducing novel allele types might be possible via crosses with wild relatives, it demands additional tedious efforts to restore the unique genetic background of the recurrent parents, which determine commercial value in the market. Moreover, due to most conventional breeding programs are prone to depend on phenotypic selections, addressing the driving force to be a superior haplotype would be very difficult in terms of tagging the chromosomal location of the target loci and estimating their genetic effects. Recently, coupling with the decrease of domestic rice consumption, Korean rice industry has being threatened by rapid changes in environmental, social, and even international circumstances, for example climate change, aging population, and opening of the rice market. To maintain the rice industry as a stable and sustainable growth engine of Korean economy, it is strongly demanded to develop practical strategies encompassing wide variety of available resources including germplasm, bioscience, and manpower. As the role of R&D party, technology convergence followed by communication among stakeholders of rice research would be essential. To the context, based on the hypothesis of the future of Korean rice industry, major schemes related with the issues of 1) High Quality, 2) Cost Reduction, 3) Stable Production, and 4) Consumption Boost would be discussed along with the projections over the achievements and shortcomings of Korean rice cultivars in terms of agronomic traits.