The rise of the sharing economy is transforming the tourism and hospitality industry (So, Oh, and Min, 2018; Zhu, So, and Hudson, 2017). The growing popularity of Airbnb has led a number of recent studies to investigate consumer value derived from such innovative consumption model. In the context of Airbnb, research shows that perceived value motivated travelers to choose Airbnb (Mao & Lyu, 2017). However, the theoretical construct of consumer value includes multiple dimensions, such as emotional value, social value, price value, and quality value, and how each dimension contributes to consumer attitudes and behavioral intentions toward Airbnb is unexplored. Therefore, this study sets forth a national field investigation to provide a holistic understanding of consumer evaluation of various value dimensions with respect to Airbnb experiences. To empirically test the proposed model, a quantitative, national online survey was conducted using Qualtrics Online Sample. After checking the performance of the measurement model, we evaluated the results of the structural model. The results show that emotional value and quality value significantly explain overall attitude toward Airbnb, whereas, price value and social value were not significant in predicting attitude. However, price value and social value, together with overall attitude, significantly explain consumer’s purchase intention. The results show that the t values from bootstrapping were greater than 1.96, and the R2 values for endogenous variables well exceeded .26. All exogenous constructs producing effect sizes ranging from small to large. In addition, the Q2 for the endogenous latent constructs were well above the threshold, with .421 for overall attitude and .472 for behavioral intentions, thereby substantiating the structural soundness of the proposed model.

This paper presents how guilt statements can affect luxury Fairtrade chocolate products. Specifically, the study will examine how willingness to pay more can affect Fairtrade through guilt advertising. Fairtrade is a labelling certification aimed at helping farmers in marginalised countries (Méndez et al., 2010). Huhmann and Brotherton (1997) explained that ‘informative statements’ can help evoke guilt and these statements are used on the packaging to investigate consumers’ perceptions of ad credibility, inferences of manipulative intent, guilt arousal, attitudes towards the ad, purchase intention and willingness to pay more for Fairtrade chocolate products. A combination of statements and logos were used as stimuli. The results of this study has shown that guilt statements may be too intense and may have caused inferences of manipulative intent in a Fairtrade context, resulting in lower purchase intention and willingness to pay more. This study is the first study to explore how guilt statements and logos influence consumers’ purchases for Fairtrade products. This study has managerial applications in developing marketing strategies to promote Fairtrade products and other charitable co-branding schemes.

Recent results from large surveys of the local universe show that the galaxy-black hole connection is linked to host morphology at a fundamental level and that there are two fundamentally different modes of black hole growth. The fraction of early-type galaxies with actively growing black holes, and therefore the AGN duty cycle, declines significantly with increasing black hole mass. Late-type galaxies exhibit the opposite trend: the fraction of actively growing black holes increases with black hole mass. Issues of AGN selection bias and prospects for near-future efforts with high redshift data are discussed.

The powder forging (PF) process is used to produce fully dense powder metallurgy (PM) parts for high performance automotive applications. PF connecting rods have been widely accepted in the US, Japan, and other countries due to higher performance and lower manufacturing costs when compared to conventionally forged steel connecting rods [1]. In order to meet and exceed requirements for higher fatigue strength and better machinability of PF connecting rods, a newly developed machinability enhancer, named KSX, was introduced [2]. A comparison study between powder forged materials prepared with 0.3% MnS and with 0.1% KSX additions showed excellent properties in the case of the mix with KSX.

도로는 포장지역으로 불투수율이 높고 차량의 운행으로 인하여 비점오염물질의 축적이 큰 토지이용이다. 도로는 대부분 수계와 연관되어 강우시 처리되지 않은 비점오염물질 및 첨두유량으로 인하여 환경수리학적 문제를 야기하여 수생태계에 악영향을 미친다. 이에 미국, 유럽 및 일본을 비롯한 선진국에서는 각종 수리학적 문제를 해결하기 위하여 환경 친화적인 기술을 개발, 저영향개발 기술 (Low Impact Development) 기술을 적용함으로써 도시내 건전한 물순환 구축 및 수생태 보전을 위한 효율적인 유역관리를 하고 있다. 이러한 기술은 강우유출수의 유출을 지연시켜 개발 이전의 지역이 가지고 있던 수리학적 기능을 최대한 흉내 내는 효율적 유역관리로 도시개발사업 등에 적용되어 지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도시지역 물순환 시스템의 왜곡 및 수생태계 복원을 위하여 저류 및 여과 기작이 적용된 도로 LID 기술을 개발하고자 수행되었으며, 현장에 적용된 1.4m×1.4m×2.0m (L×W×H) 규모의 Test-bed를 통하여 수목여과시설에 대한 평가를 실시하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 수목여과시설의 비점오염저감 능력에 대한 평가 결과, 10mm 이하의 소규모 강우에서는 대부분의 비점오염물질 항목에서 유입량 대비 70% 이상의 저감되었고, 10mm 이상의 대규모 강우의 경우 40% 이상의 저감효율을 나타내는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 물순환 기여도 평가를 통하여 10mm 이하의 소규모 강우가 발생할 시 유입수의 73.7%가 시설 내 저류되었으며 10mm 이상의 큰 강우 발생 시에도 유입수의 30.7%가 저류되어 물순환 기여에 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구의 수목여과시설이 도로에 적용시 비점오염물질의 유출 저감에 기여하여 개발과 환경이 공존될 수 있으며 도시내 물 보유를 높여 자연적인 물순환에 기여 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

U.S. EPA의 BASINS (Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources)에 통합되어 있는 HSPF (Hydrologic Simulation Program-Fortran)와 SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 모형을 이용하여 Polecat Creek 유역의 유출과 유사량을 모의하였다. 모형의 보정을 위하여 1996년 9월부터 2000년 6월까지의