Recently, concerns have been voiced about the high eating quality rice in the market. To cope the high quality demands in rice market, a rice cultivar ‘Jinsumi’ which is showing high grain quality and multi-resistant to diseases was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Miryang, Korea. ‘Jinsumi’ was derived from a three-way cross of ‘Milyang165’and F1 plant of YR16195-B-B-B-21-1/Milyang169. The pedigree of ‘Jinsumi’ was YR21999-B-B-B-17-3-1 and designated as ‘Milyang 218’ in 2005. Heading date of ‘Jinsumi’ was August 15 as mid-late maturing ecotype. ‘Jinsumi’ showed multi resistant to rice stripe virus (RSV), bacterial blight races of K1, K2, K3 and moderately resistant to leaf blast disease. The grain appearance of ‘Jinsumi’ was translucent and showed 96.6% of head rice ratio. The milled rice yield of ‘Jinsumi’ was 5.74 MT/ha at ordinary transplanting of local adaptability test. ‘Jinsumi’ would be adaptable to the plain area of Yeongnam province in Korea.
‘백옥찰’은 내도복성이며 복합내병충성을 갖춘 중만생종 찰벼 품종을 육성하고자 국립식량원 기능성작물부에서 육성된 새로운 찰벼품종이다. ‘백옥찰’의 출수기는 중부평야지 및영․호남평야지 보통기 보비재배에서 8월 20일로 ‘신선찰벼보다 9일 늦은 중만생종이며, 이모작에서는 ‘남평벼’ 보다 1일 늦고, 만식에서는 ‘남평벼’ 보다 3일 늦은 중만생종이다‘백옥찰’의 줄기 두께는 ‘신선찰벼’와 같이 중간 정도이나 강도는 ‘신선찰벼’보다 강한 편이고 분얼개도는 보통이며, 탈립은 ‘신선찰벼’에 비해 잘 되는 편이다. 주당수수는 ‘신선찰벼보다 3개가 적으나 수당립수는 20여개가 많고 등숙비율은 ‘신선찰벼’에 비해 9% 높으며 현미 천립중 또한 ‘신선찰벼에 비해 무거운 편이다. 도정특성은 ‘신선찰벼’보다 다소 높으며, 특히 백미 완전립율이 ‘신선찰벼’에 비해 월등히 높은 편이다. 현미 장폭비는 1.71로 ‘신선찰벼’에 비해 쌀알이 약간 작은 편이며 단백질 함량 및 알카리 붕괴도 등 이화학적 특성은 ‘신선찰벼’와 같은 편이다. 불시출수가 없었으며, 성숙기의 엽노화가 중간 정도를 보였다. 내냉성 검정 결과 ‘신선찰벼’보다 출수지연은 적었고 및 냉수구 임실율은 약간 높았으며 수발아는 잘 안되는 편이었다. 도복관련형질에 있어서 벼키는 ‘신선찰벼’와 같으나 중심고, 좌절중, 모멘트 및 도복지수 등 도복관련 형질에서는 전반적으로 ‘신선찰벼’보다 큰 편이었고 포장 도복은 없었다. 잎도열병 밭못자리 검정결과 ‘백옥찰’은 전국 평균 도열병 저항성 정도가 ‘신선찰벼’와 비슷한 저항성을 보였으며, 목도열병의 경우 현지 포장검정에서는 발병되지 않았고 내구저항성은 강하였다. 흰잎마름병(K1-3), 줄무늬잎마름병에는 저항성이고 오갈병 및 검은줄오갈병에는 감수성이었다. ‘백옥찰’의 수량성은 중부평야, 호남․ 충남평야 및 영남평야지 보통기 보비재배 6개소에서 쌀 수량은 526 kg/10a으로 대조품종보다 9% 증수된 높은 수량성을 보였다. ‘백옥찰’은 중부 및 영호남내륙평야 1모작지대에 적응성이 높은 중만생종이다.
It has been reported that bacterial diseases of domestic soybean are bacterial pustule, wildfire, bacterial blight and bacterial brown spot. Among these bacterial diseases, bacterial blight infected by Gram-negative Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines had been the most issue in soybean diseases. In recently, issue in soybean disease was shifted to wildfire by Gram-negative Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. When infected in nature, symptom of wildfire generally surrounded infected-area of bacterial blight and formed pustule in infective center. Because optimum growth temperature of Wildfire is lower than these of bacterial pustule, Wildfire caused damage to crop yield in later growth stage. In this study, we checked symptoms of bacterial diseases with growth stages of soybean. Also, we surveyed disease severity of single infection, simultaneous infection and sequential infection of bacterial pustule and wildfire.
Rice blast resistance is considered one of the most important traits in rice breeding and the disease, caused by Magnaporthe grisea Barr, has brought significant crop losses annually. Moreover, breakdown of resistance normally occurs in two to five years after cultivar release, thus a more durable resistance is needed for better control of this disease. We developed a new variety, Keumo3, which showed strong resistance to leaf blast. It was tested in 2003 to 2007 at fourteen blast nursery sites covering entire rice-growing regions of South Korea. It showed resistance reactions in 12 regions and moderate in 2 regions without showing susceptible reactions. Durability test by sequential planting method indicated that this variety had better resistance. Results showed that Keumo3 was incompatible against 19 blast isolates with the exception of KI101 by artificial inoculation. To understand the genetic control of blast resistance in rice cultivar Keumo3 and facilitate its utilization, recombinant inbred lines (RIL) consisting of 290 F5 lines derived from Akidagomachi/Keumo3 were analyzed and genotyped with Pizt InDel marker zt56591. The recombination value between the marker allele of zt56591 and bioassay data of blast nursery test was 1.1%. These results indicated that MAS can be applied in selecting breeding populations for blast resistance using zt56591 as DNA marker.
Many important traits have been tagged allowing plant breeders to apply marker assisted selection (MAS) in rice. PCR itself is simple to set up, and requires little hands-on time. However, a crucial limiting step of MAS programs is the reliable and efficient extraction of DNA which can be performed on thousands of individuals. In this study, We describe a modification of the DNA extraction method, in which cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is used to extract DNA from leaf tissues for suitable MAS in rice. We followed the standard 2% CTAB extraction method in all the procedure. In addition we used the 1.2 ml 8-strip tube instead of 1.5 ml E-tubes to fit the 8-multichannel pipette and employ the 96 well plate to use the swing bucket centrifuge. Our modified CTAB DNA extraction method offers several advantages with respect to traditional and simple methods. 1) adult leaf samples collected in paddy field are applicable. 2) 96 leaf samples can be homogenized only one-time by using tungsten carbonate bead and 96well block. 3) semiautomatic loading method using 8-multichannel pipette from DNA extraction to electrophoresis of PCR products. 4) our system can extract about 400 leaf samples per day by only one technicion. Therefore, this method could be useful for marker assisted breeding in rice.