By merging Bourdieu's cultural capital with self-determination theory, this study aims to better understand smoking cessation behaviour in Egypt. The results demonstrate that the accumulation of cultural capital satisfies three fundamental needs, contributes to the self-determination theory's motivating forms, and serves as an independent cause for smoking cessation in Egypt.

홍콩의 비중국어권 학습자의 실용문 학습과 상황에 맞는 정확한 표현 능력의 제고를 위해 홍콩대학 Dr. Mark Shum Shiu Kee (岑紹基) 연구팀은 교육국의 연구비 지원을 받아 2016~ 2017년 비중국어권 학습자용 실용문 교재를 개발하였다. 본 논문은 기능 어법 이론을 바탕으로 비중국어권 학습자용 실용문 교재를 어떻게 설계했는지를 밝히고, 본 교재가 비중국어권 학습자의 기능어 운용 능력 향상에 끼친 영향에 대해 고찰하였다. 또한 연구팀이 개발한 실용문 교재가 비중국어권 학습자의 기능어 운용 능력 향상에 어떠한 성과를 가져왔는지를 밝히는 것을 본 논문의 주목적으로 삼았다. 연구팀은 체계 기능 언어학 이론을 바탕으로 비중국어권 학습자용 실용문 교재를 개발하였으며, 실용문의 종류에 따라 달라지는 의사전달 기능, 도식 구조, 어법 특징을 고려하여 읽기 예문의 주제를 선정하였다. 또한, 비중국어권 학습자가 기능어와 구문 활용에서 갖는 어려움을 실용문 종류에 따라 나누어 분석하였다. 아울러, ｢文類功能(문체기능)｣ 이론 및 ｢閱讀促進學習(읽기촉진학습)｣ 교수법을 참고로 읽기 쓰기 통합형 쌍방향 연습법을 개발하여 학습자가 모범 예문을 분석, 해체 및 재구조화를 할 수 있게 하고, 더 나아가 학습자가 스스로 실용문 쓰기를 할 수 있도록 도왔다. 이외에도, 교육 일선에서 지도하고 있는 중국어 교사들을 초청하여 시범적으로 교수법을 시행하고 이를 통해 본 교재의 실제 효과를 검증해 보았다. 학습자가 작성한 실용문을 교수법 시행 전후로 비교 분석하고 교사와 학습자 인터뷰도 함께 진행하여, 본 실용문 교재가 비중국어권 학습자의 기능어 운용과 실용문 쓰기에 끼친 효과를 평가하였다. 아울러, 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 비중국어권 학습자 실용문 교육을 위한 실행 가능한 몇 가지 방안을 제시하였다.

Failure in servicing has detrimental effects upon customers, which can be translated into loss of resources. As such, this study employed the conservation of resources (COR) theory and developed a novel conceptualization that captures customers’ resource losses (after a failure), as well as their complaint process, by capturing dynamic loss, activation, and recovery of customers’ resources, in the case of a service failure. The use of online features and platforms for customers to voice their complaints was conceptualised as resource integration between the customer and the firm. The outcomes revealed online complaining as self-protective and selfenhancement behaviour. It is also unravelled in this study that various personal- and firm-related resource integrations in an online complaining context could result in varying emotional states and behavioural intentions among the affected customers towards the defaulting firm. These results open up an avenue for firms to devise effective intervention strategies.

It is a fact that the present online technologies have empowered consumers not only to share their positive service experiences they have had with a firm on the Internet, but also to express their negative views online via multiple platforms by using varied online communication features (OCFs) (e.g. status updates, comments, chats, reviews, and feedback forms). With that, this study employed the concept of online features affordances, such as response expectation, identifiability (of complainants), and content visibility, based on a novel conceptualization through the lens of uses and gratifications (U&G) theory from a varied perspective. Hence, by modelling consumers’ motivation to complain about brand via online in conjunction with the selected OCF affordances, this study investigated their joint impact on consumers’ emotions and intentions towards the defaulting firm upon making an online complaint. The data were analysed by using correspondence analysis and structural equation modelling approaches. As a result, this study revealed that consumers’ motivation to complain and their interactions with affordances (but not the affordances themselves) exemplify a significant effect upon influencing the intention towards the (defaulting) firm after disclosing a negative service incident. In particular, content visibility and response expectation appear to display an impact on redress-seeking and egoistic complainants, respectively. These findings, hence, provide relevant insights for firms to manage their complaint channels and to address online customer feedback in a more effective manner for mutual benefits. Furthermore, this study happens to be the first of its kind to weigh in OCFs as the concerned media and further proposes a design-based affordance view of OCFs in explaining their influence on both consumers and brands.

This paper presents a research study into urban adult Chinese consumers’ preferences in China with an analysis of the literature on country of origin effects on consumer brand preferences. The study implemented a mixed methods approach. Analysis of quantitative and qualitative data with results and conclusions are given.

Indoor air quality including metro subway is of recent interests in large cities. Inflow air to the inside of the train and circulating air flow through MVAC of stations contain large amount of iron based fine particles. This paper evaluated the collection of such a dust by magnetic filters as comparing to conventional particle capturing mechanisms such as inertia, direct impaction and diffusion. It was found that filtration velocity, magnetic field intensity, and fiber size were the most important parameters for magnetic filtration. Application of magnetic force obviously enhances the collection efficiency particularly in fine modes smaller than 10 mm. However, its effect was found greater in 2.5 mm than submicron particles.

With the rapid development of the Internet and modern economy, people gradually come into contact with mobile terminals, and their demand for them is also growing. In particular, in recent years, the number of mobile payments in China has also shown a continuous growth trend, and there have been mobile payment means such as Alipay, WeChat, Apple pay and so on. At the same time, with the emergence of new technologies such as big data, cloud computing and financial payment, the technical means of mobile payment have become more and more diverse, which provides space for the continuous development of mobile payment. The construction and improvement of the bus card system has always been an important issue to promote the development of urban traffic. It is also a problem that the government should solve in the construction of a new city. A more perfect bus card system can help to improve the frequency of the residents to use the bus travel and help to solve the urban traffic problems. This paper mainly aims at the application of mobile payment in the field of public transportation, analyzes the current situation and trend of the payment in the field of public transportation, and analyzes and studies the existing problems and solutions of the application of mobile payment in the field of public transportation.

This study investigated the semi-continuous and continuous cultivation of microalgae-sludge for artificial digested food wastes leachate treatment, and the effect of hydraulic retention times(HRT) on microalgae growth and nutrient removal. In this study, two reactors were examined the HRTs from 4 to 1 day, the Chlorella vulgaris cell density of semi-continuous and continuous cultivation reached a maximum value at HRT 3 day, then decreasing HRT to 2 day and 1 day the Chlorella vulgaris cell density was decreased. The maximum Chlorella vulgaris cell density in semi-continuous cultivation was 1.4 times higher than continuous cultivation. The maximum NH4-N, PO4-P removal efficiency was 100%, 75.7% with HRT of 3 day in semi-continuous cultivation, while 96.5%, 65.7% with HRT of 4 day in continuous cultivation. These results indicate that semi-continuous cultivation is more suitable than continuous cultivation. And the effect of increased light intensity from 100 μmol/m²/s to 400 μmol/m²/s was also evaluated, as the result, increased light intensity improved Chlorella vulgaris cell growth and nutrient removal.

In the background of rapid urbanization and frequent earthquakes, earthquake disaster prevention planning has become an important topic of current research. Universities are irreplaceable disaster shelter, as they are public institutions with a lot of open space. This article puts forward the concept of "disaster prevention campus". With the refuge behavioral and psychological characteristics of people in the campus when the earthquake happens, it integrated uses GIS spatial analysis technique, takes Shandong Agricultural University as an example, and studies the spatial pattern of earthquake disaster prevention planning in campus from five aspects. The aspects include building distribution, population distribution, analysis of service radius, infrastructure configuration and choice of the optimal refuge path. On the basis of researches above, reform proposals and specific strategies are put forward to build the safe and harmonious disaster prevention campus.

Purpose - This objective of this study is to analyze the factors that impact Chinese consumers` purchasing intent for high-tech products. The study examines smart phones’features, Chinese personal consumer characteristics, and social influence. Research design, data, and methodology - The study employed survey data based on 200 questionnaires in principal Chinese cites between October and December 2011. SPSS 17.0 was employed to analyze the data used to test the hypotheses the analysis results confirmed some hypotheses proposed. Results - Hypothesis 1, Hypothesis 4, and Hypothesis 7 proposing that utilization, social image, and attractiveness, respectively, of smart phone elements influence the Chinese consumers` purchasing intent are supported. Conclusions - This study found the factors that impact purchasing intent for high-tech products among Chinese consumers, with some factors like social image, attractiveness, and utilization playing critical roles; however, hypotheses proposing factors such as ease of use, pleasantness, personal innovativeness, and compatibility were rejected. In future, more research focusing on the elements of smart phones is required.