To attenuate and control the spread of infectious disease, a body of research has been conducted to generate safe vaccines and to continue national-level surveillance. However, understanding on viability and persistence of avian influenza virus (AIV) in infected carcasses, and effective disposal approaches are still limited up to date. Here, using HA test and RT-PCR, we assessed active status of AIV and degradation of viral RNA in collected specimens at different sites and time points. First, AIV infectivity was recovered until day 2, and viral nucleic acids persisted to day 14 and 21 in inorganic and organic samples, respectively, in sealed vials incubated at room temperature. Second, AIV was totally inactivated in all examined specimens, and viral RNA was not detectable at all time points tested at least one month post-infection in AIV-inoculated carcasses buried directly in soil or fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) bin. Lastly, among different burial sites in South Korea, 6 out of 17 sampling sites in Jeonbuk province showed the presence of viral genetic materials, while the rest of the field samples displayed neither the presence of infective AIV nor detectable viral RNA. This study showed a linear relation between time and degradation degree of viral RNA in buried samples suggesting that burial disposal method is effective for the control or at least attenuation of spread of AI infection in infected animals although consistent monitoring is required to verify safety of disposal.

Taegwondo uniforms need powerful durability in fabrics against friction and shock because of higher exercising power. Therefore, in this study we developed more comfortable Taegwondo uniform for functional fabrics (deodorization rate, antibacterial activity and static charge). Chitosan is a deacetylated product of chitin, has widely been used in the biomedical sector, food industry, and textile industry. For the purpose of this study, we used the chitosan, which was congenial to the human body. Then, we compared the differences between the chitosan treated fabrics and non treated fabrics of Taegwondo uniform(100% polyester, 65% polyester/35% cotton). Chitosan was dissolved in 1% acetic acid. Also, the fabrics were washed using distilled water. Afterward, its treatment with chitosan was completed by padding the sample to its wet pick-up at 80±5% and by heating 150℃ for 3 minutes. The chitosan treated Taegwondo uniform was improved on deodorization rate than non treated uniform. And the chitosan treated Taegwondo uniform was improved remarkably the antibacterial activity in all samples. In the further researches, the static charge was reduced in chitosan treatment uniform.

The purpose of this studyis to conduce the survey of three groups of college women living in different residential districts, Seoul, Gyeonggi-do and a district, each other, analyze the actual condition of wearing blue jeans, comparative investigate actual condition in each residential district of wearing blue jeans and cognition by change of crotch length and trend through comparison of cognition on dressed blue jeans with short crotch length. By which investigation, it was intended to understand their condition and propose of blue jeans as may offer fit with short crotch length. As the result of this study, it presented college women had hipbone blue jeans in order of 2～3 and more than 4 in all of residential districts, they purchased hipbone blue jeans with crotch length in order of for middle crotch(23 ㎝) and short crotch(21㎝) commonly in all of residential districts, and they care a lot for exposing back waist and hip of hipbone blue jeans without reference to residential district. They had a bad feeling for exposure, and as an alternative to deal with this, they answered mostly on ‘wearing hipbone underwear’ or ‘wearing long upper garment’, and there was significant difference between residential districts in silhouette and exterior fitness of crotch length among important factors when wearing hipbone blue jeans.