In our daily life, we often use temperature terms to convey not only literal meanings which show physical temperature but also figurative meanings as an important way of communication. Among the temperature terms, this paper focuses on ‘cool’ and aims to investigate its usage and meanings in depth through a corpus of American newspapers. First, ‘cool’ is dealt with statistically in terms of grammatical functions and semantic aspects as a quantitative analysis. Second, this paper analyzes the meanings of ‘cool’ found in the corpus of newspapers and explores how its literal meanings are metaphorically extended in detail as a qualitative analysis. In this way, this study explains that the meanings of ‘cool’ are derived from our conceptualization and this conceptualization is primarily based on human physical and cultural experience.

The purpose of this paper is to explore Türker (2013) in depth and analyze its significance and problems, in addition to briefly suggesting alternatives. Türker(2013) is meaningful for the following reasons: First, it is one of the few overseas studies dealing with Korean emotions. Second, it demonstrates that Korean emotion metaphors support the universality of Conceptual Metaphor Theory to a substantial extent. Third, it presents the frequency and productivity of Korean emotion metaphors based on the corpus and shows their correlation. Crucial problems with Türker (2013), however, include the following: (ⅰ) the method of selection of emotion words for the corpus analysis; (ⅱ) the selection and erroneous analysis of example sentences; (ⅲ) errors in the setting and categorizing of source domains. Consequently, given errors relating to Korean emotional metaphors in overseas journals, this paper which examines Türker (2013) in depth can offer the beginnings to prevent such errors in data and analysis from being further cited without verification of appropriacy.

A color conveys a lot of meanings through language in our daily life. Such connotation of the color term arises from meaning extension of it, and the meaning extension of it is realized through our cognitive process. For this reason, this paper aims to analyze the connotation of the color term ‘red’ in various contexts and figure out the cognitive process of its meaning extension by elaborating how our cognitive mechanisms are combined and work in depth. In addition, this paper provides the characteristics of the meaning extension of the color term ‘red’ and verifies that it is not arbitrary but motivated by primarily human physical experience, along with social and cultural experience.