在汉语的音节单位中，韵腹是不可缺少的音段音位，声调是不可缺少的超音段音位。因此，我们认为韵腹和声调是分化汉语音节功能最大的因素。汉语的音节结构本身很固定，音节构成还有许多限制条件，因而音节数量实际上要比简单的数学组合少得多。从古代汉语到近代汉语，汉语语音朝着简化的方向发展，尤其北方话的浊音清化而引起的声母数量的减少和入声韵尾的消失使得音节的数量大幅减少，发展到现代，普通话的音段音位的组合只有400多个，包括声调的音节只不过1200多个。汉语是一个音节可以作为词或者词素的单音节语言，同一个音节有不少包括许多的意义，很多单音节单位离开上下文无法区分出意义，只有在多音节的组合中才能区分出意义。因此，分化同音字的根本出路是扩展音节，由单音节发展为多音节。汉语词汇的复音化从上古后期就开始，音节的数量逐渐减少，而词汇的数量却随着社会的发展而大量增加，势必产生大量的同音词，影响人们的交际。因此词汇只能单音节向多音节(包括双音节)发展。例如；《普通话三千常用词表》的3,996个常用词汇中，多音节词汇多达71.65%之多，单音节只有28.35%，单音节词汇中，音段音位同一，只能依靠声调分别词义的占58%，包括声调同一音节的占42%，可见在单音节词汇中声调的音节分化能力还很明显，但音节数量不足同音比率依旧过高。《普通话三千常用词表》的多音节词汇中，因音段音位同一，只能依靠声调区别词义的占5.76%，包括声调同一音节的占0.84%，可见在多音节词汇中，声调的区别意义的作用大幅下降。 为了研究多音节词汇数量和声调的分化能力之间的相关关系，本文分析了《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》的各等级别多音节词汇数量与音段音位 如表所示，随着多音节词汇的增加，音段音位同音率和音节同音率按累进比率增高，声调仍然持有一定程度的词汇分化能力，但是与单音节的同音率比较，多音节的同音率要少得多。甚至在许多已经词调化(金立鑫，2008)的多音节词中，某些单音节语素的声调通过轻声化的途径开始消失。因此可以说普通话的声调作用正在演变过程中，声调在区别意义上还存在一定的功能，但是这个作用在多音节词中越来越弱，只有在单音节中才基本保留其辨义的功能。

This study lists the vocabulary of the inscriptions on SeoGwol-YeongGeon-DoGam-UiGwe(西闕營建都監儀軌 1831). This study also deciphers and explains the meanings of them. In advance, this study compares them with the vocabulary of the national language in the middle ages and in modem times. There are two important missions in deciphering a transcription marking of the architectural vocabulary of UiGwe(儀軌). One is to gain an understanding of the reading method of transcription marking and the other is an explanation of what that means. As a result, we can correctly understand the UiGwe(儀軌) written in transcription marks. If we could decipher the transcription markings of the documents as it is, we cannot only recover plenty of vocabulary related with characteristic architecture in the age of the later Joseon Dynasty, but also correct wrongly used vocabulary in the present. As a result, we can standardize and adjust the vocabulary use of Korean traditional architecture. In advance, we can correct errors of spelling and mistaken explanations in the Korean Encyclopedia.

The goal of this study is to investigate the circumstances of using foreign words and foreign characters in newspaper. Loan words are used more frequently than new foreign words in all three sections of the newspaper investigated, namely, the financial, social and sports pages. Loan words are found most often in sports page while new foreign words are used most often in the financial page. When representing the new foreign words, the Roman alphabet is used exclusively for the most part. The form of the Korean alphabet along with the Chinese character in the parentheses is found more frequently than the exclusive use of the Chinese character in the financial and social pages. On the contrary, the form of the exclusive Chinese character is used more frequently than the Korean alphabet along with the Chinese character in the sports page of newspaper.

본 연구의 목적은 수공간에 대한 감성을 대표하는 어휘를 선정과 수공간의 감성 유형을 분석하기 위해 수행되었다. 수공간의 감성평가를 위한 어휘를 선정하는 것은 감정의 잣대를 만드는 일이기 때문에 감성어휘를 정확하게 선정하는 것은 매우 중요한 일이다. 기초어휘 수집을 위해 첫 단계에서 수공간에 대한 감성을 표현하는 어휘를 수공간 연구, 경관 평가 연구, 환경디자인 감성연구 등에서 수집 후 최종 129개의 어휘를 선정하였다 두 번째 단계에서는 수집된 어휘를 일반인들에게 제시하여 수공간의 감성을 나타내는 어휘로서 적절함의 정도를 5점 척도로 표시하도록 하여, 평균 3.5점 이상의 39개 어휘를 선발하였다. 세 번째 단계로 이 설문으로부터 나온 데이터에 대해 요인분석, 군집분석, 다차원분석을 실시하여 수공간에 대한 9개의 감성어휘를 추출하였다. 수공간 감성평가에 최종적으로 선발된 어휘는 체험적, 감각적, 자연적, 조화된, 깨끗한, 기분좋은, 역동적, 개방적, 낭만적이다.

This study aims at investigating the effects of phonological short-term memory (PSTM), learning styles, and oral repetition on middle school students" learning of English vocabulary. Two groups had different treatments (semantic learning and oral repetition) and vocabulary learning was assessed in spelling, meaning, and production twice, immediately after the learning sessions and two weeks thereafter. The results reveal that oral repetition and the PSTM capacity affected the vocabulary learning significantly, but not learning styles. The students with a higher PSTM capacity learned significantly more words but didn"t remember them better for a longer period than those with a lower PSTM capacity. No clear effects of learning styles were noted, while the PSTM capacity of auditory learners was higher than that of visual learners. The oral repetition group learned significantly more words than those who did only semantic learning, which suggests the usefulness of oral repetition in learning new vocabulary.

The present study aims to examine vocabulary analysis programs suitable for English textbook authorization in the amended version of the national curriculum. The analysis of WordLister 2002, a conventional vocabulary analysis software, reveals that it fails to meet the needs necessary to authorize textbooks in terms of user-friendliness and limited uses of the vocabulary analysis output. The design of WordLister 2002 is too complicated to be used without special training. While it provides useful information on new vocabulary, it fails to provide information in comparison with the existing research on vocabulary. NLPtools, on the other hand, applies corpus analysis techniques to the analysis of textbook vocabulary. In this program, texts in the textbook are seen as a corpus. Another characteristic is that NLPtools employs analysis methods based on dictionaries. It is found that NLPtools processes special characters in the text, so that the user does not need to process them by using specified input codes as in WordLister 2002. Wordlister 2002 requires its user to register a number of words in the process of vocabulary analysis, whereas the user with NLPtools does not need to register words as its built-in dictionary has a wide range of information on words. NLPtools also provides its users with functions, by which they can get and analyze the information they need. With these advantages over the conventional software, it is suggested that NLPtools can be used as a vocabulary analysis program for textbook authorization in the amended curriculum.

This study is an investigation that explication of the reading method of transcription marking, and explains what it means and where to use transcription marking of architectural vocabulary. focusing on timber class vocabulary from on SeoGwolYeongGeonDoGamUiGwe(${\ulcorner}$西闕營建都監儀軌(1831)${\lrcorner}$). This study is reviewed sequentially classifying items according to timber class, stone class, iron class architectural vocabulary. This treatise, named 'Architectural Vocabulary Study (1)', is mainly focused on making out a transcription marking of timber class vocabulary on the documents. But, because of the properties of the UiGwe(儀軌), there are some different expressions used for the same vocabulary. Therefore, the different expressions are referenced according to vocabulary used from the 17th century to the 20c century. This study lists timber class architectural vocabulary of transcription marking on SeoGwolYeongGeonDoGamUiGwe(${\ulcorner}$西闕營建都監儀軌(1831)$\lrcorner$). This study also explicates and explains the meaning of them. In advance, this study compares them with the vocabulary of national language in the middle ages and modern times. If we could explicate the transcription marking of the documents as it is, we can't only recover plenty of vocabulary related with characteristic architecture in the age of later Chosun Dynasty, but also correct wrongly used vocabulary nowadays. With the results, we can standardize and adjust vocabulary use of Korean traditional architecture. In advance, we can correct errors of spelling and mistaken explanation in the Korean Encyclopedia.

The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 14(2). This paper explores the characteristics of feminine and masculine language use through an examination of word frequency in modern Korean novels. Through several blind tests of sample paragraphs from sixteen novels by Kong Seon-ok, Kim So-jin, Shin Kyeong-suk, and Yun Dae-nyeong, subjects were required to identify the gender of the author. The most striking result of the blind tests involved the unanimous identification of two paragraphs from the same novel as feminine. Applying the monoconc program to this novel by Shin Kyeong-suk, an analysis was conducted on word frequency. The result showed that there was a high frequency of words that functioned as hedges, mitigators, and positive back-channel cues. Taking these words that apparently led the blind test subjects to deem the author of Shin's novel to be feminine, a word search was conducted for the other fifteen novels. Though certain words in Shin's novels showed a similar rate of frequency, it was discovered that they involved different collocations. Hence, it may be speculated that this brought about a more mixed response from the blind test subjects. Such explorations show that the perception of feminine/masculine language use involves not only individual words but more importantly, their collocation within sentences.

The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent Korean college students can acquire vocabulary from reading course materials. The participants were 32 college students who enrolled in a TEFL methodology course. A vocabulary test was administered at the beginning and the end of the course, and the results showed that the participants were able to recognize meanings of an average of 3.6 new words, suggesting that small but significant amounts of incidental vocabulary learning can occur as a result of reading course materials. The findings also showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the number of times each word occurred and its relative learning gain. The results of this study suggests that incidental vocabulary learning is possible from reading even though the amount of such learning is not large. Implications for vocabulary learning and teaching are discussed.

본 연구에서는 디자인 분야에서 접근이 용이하고 자연스러운 환경 하에서 제품 사용 중 표출되는 사용자의 감성을 측정할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 또한, 개발된 감성어휘 로깅 소프트웨어인 VideoTAME을 활용하여 제품 사용 중 표출되는 사용자의 감성변화를 측정하였다. 개발된 소프트웨어의 실험 진행 모듈에서는 실험 참여자가 실험실에서 자신이 태스크를 수행하였던 장면을 녹화한 동영상을 직접 재생해 보면서 자신의 감성변화를 평가할 수 있다. 실험 분석 모듈에서는 연구자가 각 태스크별로 전체적인 실험 내용을 재생하면서 실험 결과를 확인할 수 있고, 마이크로소프트 엑셀로 내보내기하여 다양한 측면에서 자료를 분석할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 실험실에서 피실험자들이 휴대폰을 가지고 일련의 태스크를 수행한 장면을 녹화한 동영상을 VideoTAME을 통해 재생해 보면서 자신의 감성변화를 평가하게 하였다. 본 실험에서는 태스크의 성격에 따라서 표출되는 대표 감성의 종류에는 큰 차이를 찾아볼 수 없었다. 이는 태스크의 전체적인 속성 보다는 각 태스크를 수행하는 시점에서의 상황에 따라 감성의 변화가 일어나는 것이라 추측할 수 있다. 향후 보다 많은 실험 데이터와 이의 통계적 분석을 통해 제품의 사용성이 사용자의 감성에 어떤 영향을 미치는 지에 대하여 밝혀낼 수 있으리라 기대한다.

This paper deals with false friends-the source of their sound image (signifiant) is the same, but the concept image (signifie) is differentfound in Korean and Chinese. It is well-known that these false friends frequently cause negative transfer. I demonstrate that the false friends between Korean and Chinese can be classified into four types: ① no semantic resemblance type, ② partially overlapping type, ③ semantic inclusion type I (Korean over Chinese), and ④ semantic inclusion type II (Chinese over Korean). The result of the contrastive analysis of each type shows a striking difference. In the actual communications, false friends between these two languages may lead to misunderstanding. In order to prevent negative transfer due to false friends, students are advised to carefully check the differences in meaning and function.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of using and authoring web-based vocabulary learning tasks on Korean EFL learners' vocabulary acquisition. The subjects of the study were seventy-seven EFL college students in Korea. They were divided into three groups: a traditional control group, and two experimental groups using and authoring the web-based vocabulary tasks, respectively. The major results of the study were as follows: first, the two experimental groups performed significantly better on the vocabulary recognition and use posttest than the control group did. This result indicates that both the use of the web-based tasks and the participation of students in authoring the web-based tasks are more effective in vocabulary acquisition than the use of traditional vocabulary learning methods. Second, both the experimental groups performed significantly better on the delayed posttest than the control group did. This result provides evidence that using and authoring web-based vocabulary tasks are effective in helping students retain newly acquired words in the long-term memory. Third, the learners' responses of the two experimental groups prove to be positive with respect to the use of the web-based task authoring tools in vocabulary learning. Based on these results, some pedagogical suggestions should be made on the effective use of the web-based task authoring tools in Korean English classroom settings.