An, Soyoung. 2018. “An Analysis of University Students' English-Learning Motivation Change through Portfolio Assessment”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 26(1). 251~275. This study aims to analyze university students' English-learning motivation through making a learning portfolio. I conducted an experiment to know whether motivation could be changed by different assessment systems, a result-oriented assessment and a process-oriented assessment. First, there were no statistically significant differences in English-learning motivation between the two groups subject to a result-oriented assessment and a process-oriented assessment by independent T-test. Second, the variable “attitudes toward learning English” significantly changed when students created a learning portfolio by paired T-test. Students showed their preferences for studying English through an authentic learning portfolio method. Therefore, even though the new assessment system such as a portfolio assessment brings us innovation, the assessment system had a partial impact on students' English-learning motivation.

본 연구의 목적은 청소년을 대상으로 학습동기 향상 코칭프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과를 검증하는데 있다. 이를 위해 도미향(2014) CPA 코칭 모델과 코칭대화모델을 적용하여 학년이 올라갈수록 학습동기가 낮아진다는 선행연구에 근거하여 학습전환기에 있는 중학생을 대상으로 프로그램을 구성하였으며 S시에 위치한 S중학교의 1·2·3 학년 중 13명을 실험집단, 13명을 통제집단으로 선정하여 학습동기 향상 코칭프로그램을 주2회 60분씩 총 12회기로 2017년 8월 22일부터 2017년 10월 19일까지 실시하였다. 효과를 검증하기 위해 학습동기 검사를 실험집단· 통제집단 모두 사전·사후로 실시하였고, 마지막 단계에서는 프로그램을 진행하는 동안 자신에게 변화된 점과 느낀 점 등을 간단한 소감문으로 받았다. 본 연구에서 개발된 프로그램은 학습에 대한 긍정적 인지와 정서 경험을 통한 성취동기, 통제소재, 자기효능감 및 자기조절 학습전략에 대한 이해와 실천을 통해 학습 및 생활 전반에 대한 동기각성, 긍정적 사고, 유능감, 내적 통제성이 강화되었다. 또한 목표 설정, 진로 탐색, 학습 환경 관리와 학습 기술 향상을 통해 청소년의 학습동기를 향상시키는데 유의미한 효과가 있었다.

As fashion and distribution companies have increasingly turned to implementing marketing activities that use omni-channel strategies, it is imperative to explore consumer-oriented evaluations of omni-channel shopping for fashion products. Through contributing to the growing research flow of consumer behavior within omni-channel contexts, the current study explores consumer motivations for omni-channel fashion shopping and their impacts on the decision-making stages of fashion products. The authors first performed in-depth interviews with six Korean consumers and confirmed the four types of consumer motivation for omni-channel shopping, and how decision- making processes react to fashion companies’ omni- channel marketing strategies. These findings were used to set survey items for the main study. Based on the results and findings of previous literature, an online survey was conducted with 300 participants who had actual experience with omni-channel shopping for fashion products. The statistic results from the survey revealed the following: First, the in-depth interviews allowed the authors to confirm four factors of omni-channel shopping motivation (ubiquity, efficiency, convenience, and impulsiveness). Second, the survey showed the authors that among the four factors of omni-channel shopping orientation, impulsiveness had the greatest effect on consumer behaviors at the preand on-purchase stages, while the ubiquity factor had the greatest effect at the post-purchase stage. As such, the study empirically tested the omni-channel-specific factors of shopping orientation and motivation. In addition, it showed the effect of omni-channel marketing on various stages of the decision- making process and the study’s limitations and implications were discussed.

The paper examines how empowering leadership and intrinsic motivation contributed to explaining in-role behavior. In order to verify the relationships and mediating effect, data were collected from 414 individuals in employees working in small and medium-sized firms at Jinju, Changwon, Gimhae, Busan City to test theoretical model and its hypotheses. All data collected from the survey were analyzed using with SPSS 18.0. This study reports findings as follows: first, the relationship between the empowering leadership and the intrinsic motivation is positively related. Second, there was also a positive correlation between the intrinsic motivation and the in-role behavior. Third, the relationship between the empowering leadership and the in-role behavior is positively related. Finally, the intrinsic motivation played as a partial mediator on the relationship between empowering leadership and in-role behavior. Based on these findings, the implications and the limitations of the study were presented including some directions for future studies.

The application of the theoretical model to real assembly lines has been one of the biggest challenges for researchers and industrial engineers. There should be some realistic approach to achieve the conflicting objectives on real systems. Therefore, in this paper, a model is developed to synchronize a real system (A discrete event simulation model) with a theoretical model (An optimization model). This synchronization will enable the realistic optimization of systems. A job assignment model of the assembly line is formulated for the evaluation of proposed realistic optimization to achieve multiple conflicting objectives. The objectives, fluctuation in cycle time, throughput, labor cost, energy cost, teamwork and deviation in the skill level of operators have been modeled mathematically. To solve the formulated mathematical model, a multi-objective simulation integrated hybrid genetic algorithm (MO-SHGA) is proposed. In MO-SHGA each individual in each population acts as an input scenario of simulation. Also, it is very difficult to assign weights to the objective function in the traditional multi-objective GA because of pareto fronts. Therefore, we have proposed a probabilistic based linearization and multi-objective to single objective conversion method at population evolution phase. The performance of MO-SHGA is evaluated with the standard multi-objective genetic algorithm (MO-GA) with both deterministic and stochastic data settings. A case study of the goalkeeping gloves assembly line is also presented as a numerical example which is solved using MO-SHGA and MO-GA. The proposed research is useful for the development of synchronized human based assembly lines for real time monitoring, optimization, and control.

『三字經』은 중국의 학동 계몽도서로, 내용은 여러 인물과 史實典籍名物 등으로 구성되어 있다. 이를 주제별로 보면 가정교육 학식 역사 勤學으로 대별된다. 이 중, 마지막 주제인 ‘勤 學’ 부분에서는 학동들이 훌륭한 동량으로 성장하는데 모범으로 삼을만한 역사적 인물들을 학습의 ‘롤 모델’로 제시하고 있다. 이들 중에는 이미 성현이 되었거나 벼슬아치가 되었으면 서도 배움의 끈을 놓지 않고 열심히 공부했던 인물 이야기도 있고, 가난을 극복한 이야기, 神童 이야기를 비롯하여 조기학습과 만학, 성별을 무시하고 능력을 보여주었던 여성 이야기도 있으며, 열악한 환경에서도 훌륭한 인물로 성공한 여러 인물들의 이야기도 있다. 본고는 勤學 을 통해 성공한 롤 모델을 여섯 종류의 주제로 나눠 그 특징과 의미를 살피고 있다. 오늘날 아동교육은 날로 발전을 거듭해 가고 있지만, 고전을 통한 인성교육 및 진로지도는 상대적으 로 미미한 현실이다. 이런 현실에서 『三字經』이 소개하고 있는 학습동기 유발을 위한 인물과 고사 유형들을 오늘날에도 적절하게 ‘스토리텔링’하여, 아동교육 자료로 활용할 수 있다면 학습의욕을 고취시키고, 학습 동기를 부여하는데 크게 일조할 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate paths of the effects of L2 motivational self system and self-efficacy on Korean EFL learners’ English ability. For this purpose, questionnaires were conducted and 580 Korean elementary school students in Gyeonggido participated in this survey. Correlation and path analysis were used to analyze the data. The major results of the study are as follows: (1) Self-efficacy is correlated with all constructs of motivation. It has the highest correlation with ideal L2 self and the lowest correlation with ought-to L2 self; (2) self-efficacy has a direct effect on ideal L2 self and ought-to L2 self whereas it has direct and indirect effects on elementary students’ English proficiency; and (3) ought-to L2 self has a positive direct effect and L2 learning experience has a negative direct effect on elementary students’ English proficiency. However, ideal L2 self has no effect on elementary students’ English proficiency. At the end of the paper, pedagogical implications and suggestions are discussed.

This paper presents a study on motivating and demotivating factors in learning Korean. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the learning motivation and demotivation of university students in Singapore taking Korean as unrestricted elective, and investigate what differences exist in the motivating and demotivating factors based on their Korean levels. Through the analysis of surveys on university students in Singapore, it was found that their major motivating factors were the travel orientation and the cultural interest. These motivating factors did not show any difference depending on the Korean levels. The major demotivating factors of Korean learners were the evaluation factor and the language factor. By interpreting open-ended responses, the competition factor was found as a demotivating factor. In addition, the competition factor and the language factor showed differences between the first level and the second level and above. This study suggests to motivate Korean learners by applying the major motivating factors to a class and weakening the major demotivating factors.

The artificial insemination (AI) is one of the best assisted reproductive technologies for increasing reproductive capacity and facilitating the genetic improvement in farm animals. AI has been used in Uganda for over 60 years, but a small population of the total herd has been used. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of AI with estrus synchronization technique and to propose ways of improving the productivity of dairy farms through AI services in Uganda. In total, 78 cows from 11 dairy farms were selected for timed-AI. Synchronization was performed according to the ovsynch programs followed by AI using frozen semen from Korean Holstein (0.5 ml straws). Pregnancy rate was varying among farms (0-50%) and the overall pregnancy rate was 28.2%. Cows in luteal phase at the time of treatment was 40.0% whereas that in follicular phase was 20.8%. After treatment, cows that showed normal estrus signal were 45.5% (25/55). Abnormal estrus was categorized into pre-estrus (9.1%), cystic ovaries (21.8%), anestrus (18.2%) and delayed ovulation (5.5%), respectively. These results imply that an assured protocol for timed-AI should be developed to improve the productivity of dairy farms through AI services in Uganda.

This case study investigated the changes of four Korean English major college students’ motivation and interest in TOEIC studying based on qualitative research method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted once a month for six months. Interest is a unique motivational variable with affective and cognitive domains together including interactions between persons and their objects wheres motivation is more broad, psychological and overlapping concept compared with interest. The results showed that the participants expressed the strong instrumental and extrinsic motivation for TOEIC studying while they confessed the intrinsic motivation for English learning. However, some participants had both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on TOEIC studying as time went by. The participants’ strong perceptions on TOEIC in Korea were strongly related with situational interest in TOEIC or TOEIC studying. The participants’ interest in TOEIC studying was triggered as they improved the TOEIC score. However, one participant showed the expiration of interest in TOEIC studying right after achieving a high TOEIC score, but his interest in potential English studying was triggered.

This paper introduces the implementation of runtime synchronization method when mobile network is broken during the game play. In case of network failure, the game is restored using the saved play record. Before the network failure, the previous game play is recorded in the server. The runtime synchronization is performed using the recorded game play in 2-times, 4-times, 8-times and 12-times according to the paused time and the game is played continuously. Using the proposed method, the user can play the mobile game uninterrupted. The project mobile game is implemented, and shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.

본 연구의 목적은 그간 간과되어온 연구영역, 즉 해외직접투자의 동기 및 기술수준의 차이가 현 지기업으로의 지식확산에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실증하는데 있다. 이러한 관점에서, 본 연구는 직접투자 동기를 상이한 두 가지 유형(시장지향형 및 수출지향형 직접투자)으로 나누고, 산업을 기 술수준별로 구분한 후, 현지기업으로의 지식확산을 검증하였다. 이러한 시도를 통해 본 연구는 예 상했던 두 가지 사안이 모두 지식확산에 중요하게 작용함을 발견할 수 있었다. 동 실증결과를 근간 으로, 본 연구는 실용적인 경영 및 정책 시사점을 제공하고 있다.

This study aimed to analyze beverage usage motives according to selection attributes of beverage shops. Questionnaires were completed by 509 persons living in the Seoul, Gyeonggido area. The results show significant differences by gender, age, and monthly income. Female customers stayed longer and spent more money than males. Younger customers (20’s, 30’s) stayed longer and visited beverage shops to meet friends. Those with higher incomes stayed shorter and visited beverage shop with company staff. In the factor analysis of selection attributes of beverage shops, there were four factors: ‘physical environment’, ‘economic benefit’, ‘specialized service’, and ‘approach convenience’. Two clusters, derived from selected attributes of beverage shops, were ‘highly involved group’ and ‘low involved group’. The ‘highly involved group’ was high income and highly educated, whereas the ‘low involved group’ was low income and low educated. ‘The highly involved group’ drank beverages in the office and school while the ‘low involved group’ drank beverages at home. The ‘highly involved group’ cited safety, comfort, pleasure, and happiness more than the ‘low involved group’ at beverage shops. Beverage shops should develop health beverages such as caffeine or sugar-controlled beverage for ‘the highly involved group’. Discounts for take-out beverages and promotional coupons should be used for the ‘low involved group’.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emotional-utilitarian motivation on coffee shop selection attribution. Based on a total of 276 samples obtained from empirical research, the results of the survey were analyzed by using SPSS 22.0. The results of this study were as follows. Firstly, the results of exploratory factor analysis of coffee shop selection attribution emphasized service, coffee quality, diversity of menu, atmosphere, convenience, and price. Secondly, the customers showed higher emotional motivation than utilitarian motivation. Thirdly, emotional motivation had a significant effect on perception of ‘service’, ‘coffee quality’, and ‘atmosphere’. On the other hand, utilitarian motivation had a significant effect on ‘service’, ‘diversity of menu’, ‘convenience’, and ‘price’.

경형동기는 정면이 볼록하게 튀어나와 있는 직경 5cm 이상의 평면 원형의 뉴가 달려 있는 청동기이 다. 주연부의 꺽임 여부를 제1기준, 뉴 위치를 제2기준, 크기를 제3기준으로 할 때 전체 8개 형식으로 분류된다. 대체로 기원전 10~9세기에는 A형계와 B형계가 모두 확인되는 반면, 이후부터는 뒷 시기로 갈수록 A형계만이 지속되는 가운데 뉴가 중심뉴에서 중연뉴를 거쳐 변연뉴로 이동되는 양상을 보인 다. B형계는 기원전 10~8세기 하가점상층문화에만, AIb식·AIc식은 기원전 6~5세기 심양시에만, AIIa 식은 기원전 5~4세기 중엽 길림시에만, AIIIa식은 기원전 3세기 전엽 함평군 일대에만 분포한다. 하가점상층문화의 경형동기는 주로 요대와 관련 부속물에 착장되어 수장층의 의례 활동 관련의 의기 이자 보조적인 위세품으로만 사용된 반면, 정가와자유형에서는 수장층이 살아 생전에 사용한 의기 외 에 수장의 죽음을 영송하는 장례 관련 특수 기물과 위세품적 고급 거마장식류로도 사용되어졌으며, 서 단산문화 후기단계에서는 주로 목에 걸고 사용하는 의기로 사용되어졌고, 강상문화 누상단계에서는 주 로 위세품으로 사용되어졌고, 한반도 영산강 유역의 함평군 상곡리집단에서는 수장이 의례를 진행할 때 여러 매를 그물 구조의 끈에 연결하여 이를 목에 걸어 착용하던 의기로 사용되어졌다.

지금까지 기업의 사회적 책임수행 성과와 관련된 많은 연구들은 주로 기업의 재무적 성과나 이해관계 자의 반응, 그리고 제도와 조직수준에서 이루어져 왔으며, 일부 개인수준의 연구에서 기업의 사회적 책임 과 종업원 반응 간의 직접적인 관계에 초점을 맞추어 왔다. 이와 같은 한계에 착안하여 이 연구에서는 이론 및 선험적 연구결과를 바탕으로 기업의 사회적 책임수행과 종업원들의 조직몰입 및 이직의도가 자 부심의 지각에 의해 효과적으로 설명될 수 있을 것으로 가정하였으며, 나아가 사회적 책임수행에 대한 지각이 자부심에 미치는 효과는 사회적 책임수행의 동기에 대한 순수성이 의심될 경우, 즉 자기본위적 동기로 지각될 경우 약화될 것으로 가정하였다. 실증연구 결과에 따르면 자부심은 법적 책임 및 윤리적 책임과 결과변수 간의 관계에서 완전매개변수로서의 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났으며, 경제적 책임 및 자 선적 책임의 경우에는 지지되지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 연구결과에 따를 경우 경제적 책임의 경우 를 제외하고 모든 사회적 책임수행영역에서 자기본위적 동기 귀인의 조절효과가 지지되었다. 연구결과에 대한 논의 및 결론에서 실증분석의 결과가 지니는 의미와 한계, 앞으로의 연구방향에 대해 구체적으로 제시하였다.

본 연구는 선운산도립공원 탐방객 290명을 설문조사하여, 탐방객들의 공원이용 특성을 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 도립공원관리를 위한 시사점을 도출하기 위해 수행되었다. 탐방객 설문은 응답자의 사회경제적 특성, 선운산도립공원 이용 특성, 방문 동기, 공원 탐방 만족도에 관한 문항들로 구성하였다. 조사 결과 탐방객들은 공원 방문 전 공원에 관한 정보 수집을 하지 않는 경우가 많았고, 선운산도립공원과 주변 관광지를 연계해서 여행하는 경우도 많지 않았으며, 고창 생물권보전지역에 대한 인지도 또한 크지 않아, 공원관리 주체인 고창군의 적극적 홍보가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 응답자들의 16개 방문 동기를 요인분석한 결과, 선운산도립공원 탐방객들의 방문 요인은 ‘고지대 등산형’, 자연학습이 나 캠핑 등을 위한 ‘체험⋅관찰형’, 가족이나 친구와의 ‘친목 도모형’으로 요약할 수 있었다. 공원 방문 목적에 따른 공원 이용 만족도를 살펴보기 위해, 요인분석에서 추출한 세 가지 방문 요인과 응답자의 사회경제적 특성 변수들을 독립변수로 하고 다른 사람에게 선운산도립공원 방문을 추천하는 정도를 종속변수로 하는 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 3가지 방문 요인 중 ‘고지대 등산형’ 요인만이 방문 추천 의사에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 주었고, 다른 요인은 영향이 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 선운산도립공원이 등산객들에게만 만족스러운 경험을 제공할 뿐, 점차 증가하고 있는 체험⋅관찰형 탐방객 수요에 대응하지 못하고 있다는 의미로 해석될 수 있다. 환경해설과 같은 참여형 프로그램 개발이 요구된다.