The purpose of this study was to investigate the appropriate water content in high omega-3 fatty acid Saury nuggets for the desirable texture. The approach was made with adding water and onion at various levels (0~20%). The main ingredients of the nuggets included saury mince, mild pizza cheese, and hydrated textured soy protein concentrate. The formulated products were molded (dia. 4.5, thickness 1.5 cm, 20 g), lightly battered, and flash fried for 4 min. at 160℃, and then frozen until tested. The frozen nuggets were cooked at 165℃ and subjected to sensory evaluations, texture analysis, and water content analysis during warming (0~60 min), as well as assessments of acid, peroxide, and TBA values (during 10 days of storage at 24℃). In the sensory evaluation, preference for texture was highest in the nuggets made with a 15% onion level. The hardness of the nuggets increased with increasing onion level. Moisture content was highest in the nuggets made with a 20% water level. Changes in hardness during warming (0~60 min) of Saury nuggets containing various water and onion levels increased in nuggets made with the 20% water level. The acid, peroxide, and TBA values of the Saury nuggets made with herbs and oriental herbal extracts decreased up to 10 days of storage.

Regenerated cellulose was prepared from Buckeye wood pulp V60 via dissolution in N-methylmorpholin N-oxide (NMMO) solvent system. The effect of antioxidants such as, n-propylgallate (PG), tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite (TRIS), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA), and magnesium sulfate on the properties of regenerated cellulose was studied using X-ray diffraction, copper index calculation, and viscometry. Only addition of more than 0.01% of PG into NMMO solvent was effective to avoid the reduction of the degree of polymerization(DP) of regenerated cellulose during dissolution at 110℃. However, the early stage(within 0.5h of dissolution process) degradation of cellulose was not prevented eventhough up to 0.5% PG was appled to hot NMMO system. In addition, to recover the expensive NMMO after cellulose regenerating process, the washing filtrate was studied using simple techniques, such as refractive index, pH, and conductivity measurements. Through conductivity measurement result, 4-time of washing was enough to remove the NMMO completely from regenerated cellulose.

Recently, studies on natural source antioxidants have become increasingly active in various fields. Among analytical methods for assessment of antioxidant activity, the DPPH, ABTS, and TBA assays have become quite popular in natural antioxidant studies. One of the reasons is that these methods are simple to use and highly sensitive. In particular, DPPH and ABTS assays are based on the theory that a hydrogen donor is an antioxidant. The antioxidant effect can be easily evaluated by following the decrease of specific UV absorption and the results are usually expressed in terms of Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). The TBA assay has been commonly used for measurement of lipid oxidation in some foods and biological systems. Because the colored complex is formed by the TBA-malonaldehyde interaction, the TBA value can be evaluated using a UV spectrophotometer or HPLC. However, the TBA-malonaldehyde complex is very unstable and often is either not detected in many oxidized lipids or is a minor product of secondary oxidation. As a result of these defects, numerous studies are ongoing.

Apolipophorin-Ⅲ (apoLp-Ⅲ) is a hemolymph protein whose function is to facilitate lipid transport in an aqueous medium in insect. Recently, apolipophorin-Ⅲ in Galleria mellonella and Hyphantria cunea was shown to play an unexpected role in insect immune activation. We show here a novel possible function/role of apoLp-Ⅲ in insects. To investigate the genes which have a relationship with apoLp-Ⅲ in fall webworm larvae, we reduction of endogenous Hc apoLp-Ⅲ mRNA levels in larvae via RNA interference (RNAi). The RNAi-mediated Hc apoLp-Ⅲ reduction resulted in the reduction of antioxidants, like MnSOD, catalase, and glutathione S transferase as well as immune proteins. In particular, expression of MnSOD commonly decreased in fat body, midgut, and hemocytes following the knockdown of Hc apoLp-Ⅲ, which induced an elevated level of superoxide anion in H. cunea larvae. The observed effect of Hc apoLp-Ⅲ RNAi suggests that Hc apoLp-Ⅲ is related to the action/expression of antioxidants.

유용유전자 도입을 통한 신품종 톨 페스큐를 개발할 목적으로 Agrobacterium을 이용한 효율적인 식물체 재분화 및 형질전환에 미치는 몇 가지 요인을 조사하였다. 성숙종자로부터 유도된 캘러스를 형태에 따라 3가지 type으로 분류하였고 type Ⅱ캘러스는 유백색으로 녹색을 띠며 조직적으로 치밀한 상태이며 식물체로의 재분화효율이 52.6%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 재분화 배지에 AgNO3와 cysteine을 동시에 첨가해 준 경우 무첨가구에 비해 캘러스 유도율은 6.7%, 식물체 재분화율은 12% 씩 각각 증가하였다. 캘러스 type 별 형질전환 효율을 조사한 결과 typeⅡ 캘러스는 58.0%로 가장 높은 형질전환효율을 나타내었다. 형질전환체를 PCR 및 PCR-Southern blot 분석을 실시하여 본 결과 발현벡터의 T-DNA 영역이 형질전환 식물체의 genome에 성공적으로 도입되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 확립된 효율적인 형질전환 시스템은 분자육종을 통한 신품종 톨 페스큐의 개발에 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

오차드그래스의 최적 조직배양조건을 확립하기 위하여 3가지 품종의 성숙종자로부터 배발생 캘러스 유도 및 식물체 재분화에 미치는 배지첨가물질의 영향을 조사하였다. 성숙종자로 부터 배발생 캘러스 유도시 첨가되는 생장조절 물질로는 3mg/L 2,4-D 또는 dicamba와 0.1mg/L BA를 혼용첨가했을 때가 단용첨가구에 비해 높은 배발생 캘러스 유도효율을 나타내었다. 품종별 식물체 재분화 효율은 'Roughrider'가 가장 높게 나타났으며, 'Frode'