땅콩 보존품종에 대한 단백질 특성을 조사하여 고단백 유전자원을 선발하고 아미노산 함량의 품종 및 환경변이를 밝혀 고단백 양질 아미노산 조성 품종육성을 위한 자료를 얻을 목적으로 시험하였다. 작물시험장에서 수집한 땅콩 164품종의 단백질 함량을 분석하였으며, 5개 지역에서 재배된 9개 장려품종의 아미노산 변이와 분획 단백질의 아미노산 특성 차이를 검토하였다. 1. 공시된 땅콩 164품종의 평균 단백질 함량은 24.5%였으며 최고 28.7%, 최저 19.5%로 9.2%의 변이를 보였다. 2. 초형에 따른 단백질 차이는 적었으며, 립중에 따라서는 소립이 대립중에 비해 단백질 함량이 높았으며 특히 Spanish type 품종에서 립중에 따른 단백질 차이가 컸다. 3. 품종의 도입지역에 따라서는 대만이나 Philippine 품종들이 단백질 함량이 높았고 국내 육성품종과 일본품종은 낮았다. 4. 단백질 함량과 100립중, 주당협실중 간에는 부의 상관을 보였으나 유의성은 인정되지 않았고, 기름함량과는 정의 상관을 나타냈다. 5. 품종 및 재배지역에 따른 필수 아미노산과 반아미노산 총량의 차이가 있었으며 aspartic acid도 품종과 지역간 차이가 인정되었고, arginine, lysine, methionine, glutamic acid, glycine, tyrosine은 지역간 차이가 phenylalanine은 품종차이가 있었다. 6. 땅콩 장려품종에서의 제한 아미노산은 isoleucine, methionine, threonine, arginine, lysine이었다. 7. 단백질 fraction별로 볼 때 아미노산은 prolamins, globulins, glutelins, albumin순으로 많았으며 필수아미노산 비율은 globulins에서 가장 많았다.

The protein content of seed meal were examined to evaluate genotypes of higher protein content from 164 peanut germplasms. The variations in amino acids content were investigated from nine Korean leading varieties grown at five locations. Amino acids contents of protein fractions were also ana lysed in the present study, too. The results of the study were summarized as fallows. The seed protein of 164 peanut varieties averaged 24.5% ranging from 19.5% to 28.7%, showed 9.2% varietal variation in proteins. Differences were not observed in protein content between plant types, however, protein contents were higher in small-seeded than large seeded varieties. The differences were more greater particulaly in Spanish type varieties. The varieties introduced from Taiwan and Philippine showed higher protein contents, and the cultivars or lines bred in Korea and introduced from Japan were lower in protein contents. protein contents showed non-significantly negative correlations with 100-kernel weight and pod weight per plant, but positive correlations were observed between oil and protein content in all types of peanuts. Significant differences among the varieties and locations were observed for total, essential and non-essential amino acids contents, and aspartic acid. Locational differences for arginine, lysine, methionine, threonine, glutamic acid, glycine and tyrosine, and varietal difference for phenylalanene were revealed as significant. The limiting amino acids from the leading varieties were isoleucine, methionine, threonine, alanine and tyrosine, comparing with FAO recommanding levels of amino acids. Among the protein fractions prolamins was the highest in total amino acids, but essential amino acids was the highest in globulins

• 金基駿(건국대학교 농대) | 김기준
• 姜光熙(영남대학교 농대) | 강광희
• 朴喜運(작물시험장) | 박희운
• 李正日(작물시험장) | 이정일