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pp.39-46
Pyrolysis of biomass is the thermal decomposition of its carbohydrate structures into numerious hydrocarboncompounds, light gases and carbon-rich solid residue. Understanding the pyrolysis characteristics is essential asfundamental data for various thermo-chemical conversion of biomass. This study investigated slow pyrolysis of fourIndonesian biomass (sugarcane bagasse, cocopeat, palm kernel shell (PKS), umbrella tree) for a temperature range of300~600oC. With increase in temperature, all samples showed a decrease in the biochar yield as more compounds werereleased as vapors increasing the bio-oil and gas yields. The biochar became more carbon-rich with a carbon content of85% or higher at 500oC. However, the product yields and properties showed large variations between the samples.Cocopeat had the highest biochar yield, while wood and baggasse had the highest bio-oil yield. Despite the low massyields, the biochar of wood and bagasse had the best quality in terms of macro-pore and micro-pore development, whichis a key property for its applications as adsorbent, soil ameliorator, as well as fuel. The bio-oil did not have a sufficientlyhigh HHV for use as main fuel, but could be utilized through co-firing or slurry production with biochar. In the lightgases, CO and CO2 were dominant, but could be burned on-site to supply the heat required for pyrolysis.
