The effect of electron beam irradiation on development and reproduction of susceptible strain (S) and imidacloprid-resistance strain (IMI-R) of Aphis gossypii were compared. Nymphs and adults of S and IMI-R strain were irradiated at target doses of 50, 100, 150, and 200 Gy. When nymphs were irradiated, emergence rate was not affected at all target dose, but number of F1 nymphs was perfectly inhibited at 150 Gy in both strains when irradiated to the adults, longevity slightly decrease at 150 Gy and above. Fecundity was strongly decreased at 100 Gy, but was not completely inhibited even at 200 Gy. Emergence rate of F1 nymph was decreased at 100 Gy and completely inhibited at 200 Gy. However, there was no significant differences on development and reproduction of S and IMI-R strain. We also conducted the comet assay immediately after irradiation and over the following 7 day periods. In addition, we performed quantitative real-time PCR on several genes.