Rice stripe virus disease (RSVD), one of the most serious disease of rice is mediated through the sucking by small brown planthopper, Laodalphax striatellus. So far, the studies have been mainly focused on the interaction between the host plant and the virus. In this study, for better comprehension of the interactions among the host plant, vector insect and plant-pathogenic virus, we investigated transcriptome of the vector insect and the differences between viruliferous and naïve L.striatellus. For this, naïve L. striatellus were collected from non-infected rice field and 50 L.striatellus of them were fed RSV-infected rice for 5 days. With the RSV-viruliferous and the naïve insects, we conducted Illumina RNA sequencing (Hiseq 2000) and obtained 175,243,488 and 146,031,348 reads from viruliferous and naïve L.striatellus, respectively. These reads were assembled into contigs and two transcriptome databases were generated. The transcriptome of naïve and RSV-viruliferous L. striatellus were campared to figure out up-regulated or down-regulated genes. These RSV-dependently regulated genes may have important function in the behavior of planthoppers or the transmission of RSV.