Inflammation functions as a double-edged sword against external stimulus. For instance, inflammation can have anti-cancer effect and simultaneously can play cancer-promoting factors. Recent studies have shown that cytokine plays an important role in tumor biology by influencing tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. We classify these cytokines by cancer type and review current knowledge of cytokines in terms of carcinogenesis. Here, we also focus on whether cytokines can act as biomarkers for early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This review will provide basis for further approach to study the role of cytokines in carcinogenesis and evaluating the possibilities of cytokines as biomarkers for cancer detection